#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# Copyright (C): 2017, Ansible Project
# GNU General Public License v3.0+ (see COPYING or https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.txt)
# Requirements
# - pyvmomi >= 6.0.0.2016.4
# TODO:
# * more jq examples
# * optional folder heriarchy
"""
$ jq '._meta.hostvars[].config' data.json | head
{
"alternateguestname": "",
"instanceuuid": "5035a5cd-b8e8-d717-e133-2d383eb0d675",
"memoryhotaddenabled": false,
"guestfullname": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 (64-bit)",
"changeversion": "2016-05-16T18:43:14.977925Z",
"uuid": "4235fc97-5ddb-7a17-193b-9a3ac97dc7b4",
"cpuhotremoveenabled": false,
"vpmcenabled": false,
"firmware": "bios",
"""
from __future__ import print_function
import atexit
import datetime
import itertools
import json
import os
import re
import ssl
import sys
import uuid
from time import time
import six
from jinja2 import Environment
from six import integer_types, string_types
from six.moves import configparser
try:
import argparse
except ImportError:
sys.exit('Error: This inventory script required "argparse" python module. Please install it or upgrade to python-2.7')
try:
from pyVmomi import vim, vmodl
from pyVim.connect import SmartConnect, Disconnect
except ImportError:
sys.exit("ERROR: This inventory script required 'pyVmomi' Python module, it was not able to load it")
def regex_match(s, pattern):
'''Custom filter for regex matching'''
reg = re.compile(pattern)
if reg.match(s):
return True
else:
return False
def select_chain_match(inlist, key, pattern):
'''Get a key from a list of dicts, squash values to a single list, then filter'''
outlist = [x[key] for x in inlist]
outlist = list(itertools.chain(*outlist))
outlist = [x for x in outlist if regex_match(x, pattern)]
return outlist
class VMwareMissingHostException(Exception):
pass
class VMWareInventory(object):
__name__ = 'VMWareInventory'
guest_props = False
instances = []
debug = False
load_dumpfile = None
write_dumpfile = None
maxlevel = 1
lowerkeys = True
config = None
cache_max_age = None
cache_path_cache = None
cache_path_index = None
cache_dir = None
server = None
port = None
username = None
password = None
validate_certs = True
host_filters = []
skip_keys = []
groupby_patterns = []
safe_types = [bool, str, float, None] + list(integer_types)
iter_types = [dict, list]
bad_types = ['Array', 'disabledMethod', 'declaredAlarmState']
vimTableMaxDepth = {
"vim.HostSystem": 2,
"vim.VirtualMachine": 2,
}
custom_fields = {}
# use jinja environments to allow for custom filters
env = Environment()
env.filters['regex_match'] = regex_match
env.filters['select_chain_match'] = select_chain_match
# translation table for attributes to fetch for known vim types
vimTable = {
vim.Datastore: ['_moId', 'name'],
vim.ResourcePool: ['_moId', 'name'],
vim.HostSystem: ['_moId', 'name'],
}
@staticmethod
def _empty_inventory():
return {"_meta": {"hostvars": {}}}
def __init__(self, load=True):
self.inventory = VMWareInventory._empty_inventory()
if load:
# Read settings and parse CLI arguments
self.parse_cli_args()
self.read_settings()
# Check the cache
cache_valid = self.is_cache_valid()
# Handle Cache
if self.args.refresh_cache or not cache_valid:
self.do_api_calls_update_cache()
else:
self.debugl('loading inventory from cache')
self.inventory = self.get_inventory_from_cache()
def debugl(self, text):
if self.args.debug:
try:
text = str(text)
except UnicodeEncodeError:
text = text.encode('ascii', 'ignore')
print('%s %s' % (datetime.datetime.now(), text))
def show(self):
# Data to print
self.debugl('dumping results')
data_to_print = None
if self.args.host:
data_to_print = self.get_host_info(self.args.host)
elif self.args.list:
# Display list of instances for inventory
data_to_print = self.inventory
return json.dumps(data_to_print, indent=2)
def is_cache_valid(self):
''' Determines if the cache files have expired, or if it is still valid '''
valid = False
if os.path.isfile(self.cache_path_cache):
mod_time = os.path.getmtime(self.cache_path_cache)
current_time = time()
if (mod_time + self.cache_max_age) > current_time:
valid = True
return valid
def do_api_calls_update_cache(self):
''' Get instances and cache the data '''
self.inventory = self.instances_to_inventory(self.get_instances())
self.write_to_cache(self.inventory)
def write_to_cache(self, data):
''' Dump inventory to json file '''
with open(self.cache_path_cache, 'wb') as f:
f.write(json.dumps(data))
def get_inventory_from_cache(self):
''' Read in jsonified inventory '''
jdata = None
with open(self.cache_path_cache, 'rb') as f:
jdata = f.read()
return json.loads(jdata)
def read_settings(self):
''' Reads the settings from the vmware_inventory.ini file '''
scriptbasename = __file__
scriptbasename = os.path.basename(scriptbasename)
scriptbasename = scriptbasename.replace('.py', '')
defaults = {'vmware': {
'server': '',
'port': 443,
'username': '',
'password': '',
'validate_certs': True,
'ini_path': os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '%s.ini' % scriptbasename),
'cache_name': 'ansible-vmware',
'cache_path': '~/.ansible/tmp',
'cache_max_age': 3600,
'max_object_level': 1,
'skip_keys': 'declaredalarmstate,'
'disabledmethod,'
'dynamicproperty,'
'dynamictype,'
'environmentbrowser,'
'managedby,'
'parent,'
'childtype,'
'resourceconfig',
'alias_pattern': '{{ config.name + "_" + config.uuid }}',
'host_pattern': '{{ guest.ipaddress }}',
'host_filters': '{{ runtime.powerstate == "poweredOn" }}',
'groupby_patterns': '{{ guest.guestid }},{{ "templates" if config.template else "guests"}}',
'lower_var_keys': True,
'custom_field_group_prefix': 'vmware_tag_',
'groupby_custom_field': False}
}
if six.PY3:
config = configparser.ConfigParser()
else:
config = configparser.SafeConfigParser()
# where is the config?
vmware_ini_path = os.environ.get('VMWARE_INI_PATH', defaults['vmware']['ini_path'])
vmware_ini_path = os.path.expanduser(os.path.expandvars(vmware_ini_path))
config.read(vmware_ini_path)
if 'vmware' not in config.sections():
config.add_section('vmware')
# apply defaults
for k, v in defaults['vmware'].items():
if not config.has_option('vmware', k):
config.set('vmware', k, str(v))
# where is the cache?
self.cache_dir = os.path.expanduser(config.get('vmware', 'cache_path'))
if self.cache_dir and not os.path.exists(self.cache_dir):
os.makedirs(self.cache_dir)
# set the cache filename and max age
cache_name = config.get('vmware', 'cache_name')
self.cache_path_cache = self.cache_dir + "/%s.cache" % cache_name
self.debugl('cache path is %s' % self.cache_path_cache)
self.cache_max_age = int(config.getint('vmware', 'cache_max_age'))
# mark the connection info
self.server = os.environ.get('VMWARE_SERVER', config.get('vmware', 'server'))
self.debugl('server is %s' % self.server)
self.port = int(os.environ.get('VMWARE_PORT', config.get('vmware', 'port')))
self.username = os.environ.get('VMWARE_USERNAME', config.get('vmware', 'username'))
self.debugl('username is %s' % self.username)
self.password = os.environ.get('VMWARE_PASSWORD', config.get('vmware', 'password', raw=True))
self.validate_certs = os.environ.get('VMWARE_VALIDATE_CERTS', config.get('vmware', 'validate_certs'))
if self.validate_certs in ['no', 'false', 'False', False]:
self.validate_certs = False
self.debugl('cert validation is %s' % self.validate_certs)
# behavior control
self.maxlevel = int(config.get('vmware', 'max_object_level'))
self.debugl('max object level is %s' % self.maxlevel)
self.lowerkeys = config.get('vmware', 'lower_var_keys')
if type(self.lowerkeys) != bool:
if str(self.lowerkeys).lower() in ['yes', 'true', '1']:
self.lowerkeys = True
else:
self.lowerkeys = False
self.debugl('lower keys is %s' % self.lowerkeys)
self.skip_keys = list(config.get('vmware', 'skip_keys').split(','))
self.debugl('skip keys is %s' % self.skip_keys)
temp_host_filters = list(config.get('vmware', 'host_filters').split('}},'))
for host_filter in temp_host_filters:
host_filter = host_filter.rstrip()
if host_filter != "":
if not host_filter.endswith("}}"):
host_filter += "}}"
self.host_filters.append(host_filter)
self.debugl('host filters are %s' % self.host_filters)
temp_groupby_patterns = list(config.get('vmware', 'groupby_patterns').split('}},'))
for groupby_pattern in temp_groupby_patterns:
groupby_pattern = groupby_pattern.rstrip()
if groupby_pattern != "":
if not groupby_pattern.endswith("}}"):
groupby_pattern += "}}"
self.groupby_patterns.append(groupby_pattern)
self.debugl('groupby patterns are %s' % self.groupby_patterns)
# Special feature to disable the brute force serialization of the
# virtulmachine objects. The key name for these properties does not
# matter because the values are just items for a larger list.
if config.has_section('properties'):
self.guest_props = []
for prop in config.items('properties'):
self.guest_props.append(prop[1])
# save the config
self.config = config
def parse_cli_args(self):
''' Command line argument processing '''
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Produce an Ansible Inventory file based on PyVmomi')
parser.add_argument('--debug', action='store_true', default=False,
help='show debug info')
parser.add_argument('--list', action='store_true', default=True,
help='List instances (default: True)')
parser.add_argument('--host', action='store',
help='Get all the variables about a specific instance')
parser.add_argument('--refresh-cache', action='store_true', default=False,
help='Force refresh of cache by making API requests to VSphere (default: False - use cache files)')
parser.add_argument('--max-instances', default=None, type=int,
help='maximum number of instances to retrieve')
self.args = parser.parse_args()
def get_instances(self):
''' Get a list of vm instances with pyvmomi '''
kwargs = {'host': self.server,
'user': self.username,
'pwd': self.password,
'port': int(self.port)}
if hasattr(ssl, 'SSLContext') and not self.validate_certs:
context = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_SSLv23)
context.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_NONE
kwargs['sslContext'] = context
return self._get_instances(kwargs)
def _get_instances(self, inkwargs):
''' Make API calls '''
instances = []
try:
si = SmartConnect(**inkwargs)
except ssl.SSLError as connection_error:
if '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED]' in str(connection_error) and self.validate_certs:
sys.exit("Unable to connect to ESXi server due to %s, "
"please specify validate_certs=False and try again" % connection_error)
except Exception as exc:
self.debugl("Unable to connect to ESXi server due to %s" % exc)
sys.exit("Unable to connect to ESXi server due to %s" % exc)
self.debugl('retrieving all instances')
if not si:
sys.exit("Could not connect to the specified host using specified "
"username and password")
atexit.register(Disconnect, si)
content = si.RetrieveContent()
# Create a search container for virtualmachines
self.debugl('creating containerview for virtualmachines')
container = content.rootFolder
viewType = [vim.VirtualMachine]
recursive = True
containerView = content.viewManager.CreateContainerView(container, viewType, recursive)
children = containerView.view
for child in children:
# If requested, limit the total number of instances
if self.args.max_instances:
if len(instances) >= self.args.max_instances:
break
instances.append(child)
self.debugl("%s total instances in container view" % len(instances))
if self.args.host:
instances = [x for x in instances if x.name == self.args.host]
instance_tuples = []
for instance in sorted(instances):
if self.guest_props:
ifacts = self.facts_from_proplist(instance)
else:
ifacts = self.facts_from_vobj(instance)
instance_tuples.append((instance, ifacts))
self.debugl('facts collected for all instances')
try:
cfm = content.customFieldsManager
if cfm is not None and cfm.field:
for f in cfm.field:
if f.managedObjectType == vim.VirtualMachine:
self.custom_fields[f.key] = f.name
self.debugl('%d custom fields collected' % len(self.custom_fields))
except vmodl.RuntimeFault as exc:
self.debugl("Unable to gather custom fields due to %s" % exc.msg)
except IndexError as exc:
self.debugl("Unable to gather custom fields due to %s" % exc)
return instance_tuples
def instances_to_inventory(self, instances):
''' Convert a list of vm objects into a json compliant inventory '''
self.debugl('re-indexing instances based on ini settings')
inventory = VMWareInventory._empty_inventory()
inventory['all'] = {}
inventory['all']['hosts'] = []
for idx, instance in enumerate(instances):
# make a unique id for this object to avoid vmware's
# numerous uuid's which aren't all unique.
thisid = str(uuid.uuid4())
idata = instance[1]
# Put it in the inventory
inventory['all']['hosts'].append(thisid)
inventory['_meta']['hostvars'][thisid] = idata.copy()
inventory['_meta']['hostvars'][thisid]['ansible_uuid'] = thisid
# Make a map of the uuid to the alias the user wants
name_mapping = self.create_template_mapping(
inventory,
self.config.get('vmware', 'alias_pattern')
)
# Make a map of the uuid to the ssh hostname the user wants
host_mapping = self.create_template_mapping(
inventory,
self.config.get('vmware', 'host_pattern')
)
# Reset the inventory keys
for k, v in name_mapping.items():
if not host_mapping or k not in host_mapping:
continue
# set ansible_host (2.x)
try:
inventory['_meta']['hostvars'][k]['ansible_host'] = host_mapping[k]
# 1.9.x backwards compliance
inventory['_meta']['hostvars'][k]['ansible_ssh_host'] = host_mapping[k]
except Exception:
continue
if k == v:
continue
# add new key
inventory['all']['hosts'].append(v)
inventory['_meta']['hostvars'][v] = inventory['_meta']['hostvars'][k]
# cleanup old key
inventory['all']['hosts'].remove(k)
inventory['_meta']['hostvars'].pop(k, None)
self.debugl('pre-filtered hosts:')
for i in inventory['all']['hosts']:
self.debugl(' * %s' % i)
# Apply host filters
for hf in self.host_filters:
if not hf:
continue
self.debugl('filter: %s' % hf)
filter_map = self.create_template_mapping(inventory, hf, dtype='boolean')
for k, v in filter_map.items():
if not v:
# delete this host
inventory['all']['hosts'].remove(k)
inventory['_meta']['hostvars'].pop(k, None)
self.debugl('post-filter hosts:')
for i in inventory['all']['hosts']:
self.debugl(' * %s' % i)
# Create groups
for gbp in self.groupby_patterns:
groupby_map = self.create_template_mapping(inventory, gbp)
for k, v in groupby_map.items():
if v not in inventory:
inventory[v] = {}
inventory[v]['hosts'] = []
if k not in inventory[v]['hosts']:
inventory[v]['hosts'].append(k)
if self.config.get('vmware', 'groupby_custom_field'):
for k, v in inventory['_meta']['hostvars'].items():
if 'customvalue' in v:
for tv in v['customvalue']:
newkey = None
field_name = self.custom_fields[tv['key']] if tv['key'] in self.custom_fields else tv['key']
values = []
keylist = map(lambda x: x.strip(), tv['value'].split(','))
for kl in keylist:
try:
newkey = "%s%s_%s" % (self.config.get('vmware', 'custom_field_group_prefix'), str(field_name), kl)
newkey = newkey.strip()
except Exception as e:
self.debugl(e)
values.append(newkey)
for tag in values:
if not tag:
continue
if tag not in inventory:
inventory[tag] = {}
inventory[tag]['hosts'] = []
if k not in inventory[tag]['hosts']:
inventory[tag]['hosts'].append(k)
return inventory
def create_template_mapping(self, inventory, pattern, dtype='string'):
''' Return a hash of uuid to templated string from pattern '''
mapping = {}
for k, v in inventory['_meta']['hostvars'].items():
t = self.env.from_string(pattern)
newkey = None
try:
newkey = t.render(v)
newkey = newkey.strip()
except Exception as e:
self.debugl(e)
if not newkey:
continue
elif dtype == 'integer':
newkey = int(newkey)
elif dtype == 'boolean':
if newkey.lower() == 'false':
newkey = False
elif newkey.lower() == 'true':
newkey = True
elif dtype == 'string':
pass
mapping[k] = newkey
return mapping
def facts_from_proplist(self, vm):
'''Get specific properties instead of serializing everything'''
rdata = {}
for prop in self.guest_props:
self.debugl('getting %s property for %s' % (prop, vm.name))
key = prop
if self.lowerkeys:
key = key.lower()
if '.' not in prop:
# props without periods are direct attributes of the parent
vm_property = getattr(vm, prop)
if isinstance(vm_property, vim.CustomFieldsManager.Value.Array):
temp_vm_property = []
for vm_prop in vm_property:
temp_vm_property.append({'key': vm_prop.key,
'value': vm_prop.value})
rdata[key] = temp_vm_property
else:
rdata[key] = vm_property
else:
# props with periods are subkeys of parent attributes
parts = prop.split('.')
total = len(parts) - 1
# pointer to the current object
val = None
# pointer to the current result key
lastref = rdata
for idx, x in enumerate(parts):
if isinstance(val, dict):
if x in val:
val = val.get(x)
elif x.lower() in val:
val = val.get(x.lower())
else:
# if the val wasn't set yet, get it from the parent
if not val:
try:
val = getattr(vm, x)
except AttributeError as e:
self.debugl(e)
else:
# in a subkey, get the subprop from the previous attrib
try:
val = getattr(val, x)
except AttributeError as e:
self.debugl(e)
# make sure it serializes
val = self._process_object_types(val)
# lowercase keys if requested
if self.lowerkeys:
x = x.lower()
# change the pointer or set the final value
if idx != total:
if x not in lastref:
lastref[x] = {}
lastref = lastref[x]
else:
lastref[x] = val
return rdata
def facts_from_vobj(self, vobj, level=0):
''' Traverse a VM object and return a json compliant data structure '''
# pyvmomi objects are not yet serializable, but may be one day ...
# https://github.com/vmware/pyvmomi/issues/21
# WARNING:
# Accessing an object attribute will trigger a SOAP call to the remote.
# Increasing the attributes collected or the depth of recursion greatly
# increases runtime duration and potentially memory+network utilization.
if level == 0:
try:
self.debugl("get facts for %s" % vobj.name)
except Exception as e:
self.debugl(e)
rdata = {}
methods = dir(vobj)
methods = [str(x) for x in methods if not x.startswith('_')]
methods = [x for x in methods if x not in self.bad_types]
methods = [x for x in methods if not x.lower() in self.skip_keys]
methods = sorted(methods)
for method in methods:
# Attempt to get the method, skip on fail
try:
methodToCall = getattr(vobj, method)
except Exception as e:
continue
# Skip callable methods
if callable(methodToCall):
continue
if self.lowerkeys:
method = method.lower()
rdata[method] = self._process_object_types(
methodToCall,
thisvm=vobj,
inkey=method,
)
return rdata
def _process_object_types(self, vobj, thisvm=None, inkey='', level=0):
''' Serialize an object '''
rdata = {}
if type(vobj).__name__ in self.vimTableMaxDepth and level >= self.vimTableMaxDepth[type(vobj).__name__]:
return rdata
if vobj is None:
rdata = None
elif type(vobj) in self.vimTable:
rdata = {}
for key in self.vimTable[type(vobj)]:
try:
rdata[key] = getattr(vobj, key)
except Exception as e:
self.debugl(e)
elif issubclass(type(vobj), str) or isinstance(vobj, str):
if vobj.isalnum():
rdata = vobj
else:
rdata = vobj.decode('ascii', 'ignore')
elif issubclass(type(vobj), bool) or isinstance(vobj, bool):
rdata = vobj
elif issubclass(type(vobj), integer_types) or isinstance(vobj, integer_types):
rdata = vobj
elif issubclass(type(vobj), float) or isinstance(vobj, float):
rdata = vobj
elif issubclass(type(vobj), list) or issubclass(type(vobj), tuple):
rdata = []
try:
vobj = sorted(vobj)
except Exception:
pass
for idv, vii in enumerate(vobj):
if level + 1 <= self.maxlevel:
vid = self._process_object_types(
vii,
thisvm=thisvm,
inkey=inkey + '[' + str(idv) + ']',
level=(level + 1)
)
if vid:
rdata.append(vid)
elif issubclass(type(vobj), dict):
pass
elif issubclass(type(vobj), object):
methods = dir(vobj)
methods = [str(x) for x in methods if not x.startswith('_')]
methods = [x for x in methods if x not in self.bad_types]
methods = [x for x in methods if not inkey + '.' + x.lower() in self.skip_keys]
methods = sorted(methods)
for method in methods:
# Attempt to get the method, skip on fail
try:
methodToCall = getattr(vobj, method)
except Exception as e:
continue
if callable(methodToCall):
continue
if self.lowerkeys:
method = method.lower()
if level + 1 <= self.maxlevel:
try:
rdata[method] = self._process_object_types(
methodToCall,
thisvm=thisvm,
inkey=inkey + '.' + method,
level=(level + 1)
)
except vim.fault.NoPermission:
self.debugl("Skipping method %s (NoPermission)" % method)
else:
pass
return rdata
def get_host_info(self, host):
''' Return hostvars for a single host '''
if host in self.inventory['_meta']['hostvars']:
return self.inventory['_meta']['hostvars'][host]
elif self.args.host and self.inventory['_meta']['hostvars']:
match = None
for k, v in self.inventory['_meta']['hostvars'].items():
if self.inventory['_meta']['hostvars'][k]['name'] == self.args.host:
match = k
break
if match:
return self.inventory['_meta']['hostvars'][match]
else:
raise VMwareMissingHostException('%s not found' % host)
else:
raise VMwareMissingHostException('%s not found' % host)
if __name__ == "__main__":
# Run the script
print(VMWareInventory().show())