libclamav/regex/regcomp.c
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 /*-
  * This code is derived from OpenBSD's libc/regex, original license follows:
  *
  * Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1994 Henry Spencer.
  * Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1994
  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
  *
  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
  * Henry Spencer.
  *
  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  * are met:
  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  *    without specific prior written permission.
  *
  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  *
  *	@(#)regcomp.c	8.5 (Berkeley) 3/20/94
  */
 
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <ctype.h>
 #include <limits.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
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 #include "clamav.h"
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 #include "others.h"
 #include "regex.h"
 
 #include "utils.h"
 #include "regex2.h"
 
 #include "cclass.h"
 #include "cname.h"
 
 /*
  * parse structure, passed up and down to avoid global variables and
  * other clumsinesses
  */
 struct parse {
 	char *next;		/* next character in RE */
 	char *end;		/* end of string (-> NUL normally) */
 	int error;		/* has an error been seen? */
 	sop *strip;		/* malloced strip */
 	sopno ssize;		/* malloced strip size (allocated) */
 	sopno slen;		/* malloced strip length (used) */
 	int ncsalloc;		/* number of csets allocated */
 	struct re_guts *g;
 #	define	NPAREN	10	/* we need to remember () 1-9 for back refs */
 	sopno pbegin[NPAREN];	/* -> ( ([0] unused) */
 	sopno pend[NPAREN];	/* -> ) ([0] unused) */
 };
 
 static void p_ere(struct parse *, int);
 static void p_ere_exp(struct parse *);
 static void p_str(struct parse *);
 static void p_bre(struct parse *, int, int);
 static int p_simp_re(struct parse *, int);
 static int p_count(struct parse *);
 static void p_bracket(struct parse *);
 static void p_b_term(struct parse *, cset *);
 static void p_b_cclass(struct parse *, cset *);
 static void p_b_eclass(struct parse *, cset *);
 static char p_b_symbol(struct parse *);
 static char p_b_coll_elem(struct parse *, int);
 static char othercase(int);
 static void bothcases(struct parse *, int);
 static void ordinary(struct parse *, int);
 static void nonnewline(struct parse *);
 static void repeat(struct parse *, sopno, int, int);
 static int seterr(struct parse *, int);
 static cset *allocset(struct parse *);
 static void freeset(struct parse *, cset *);
 static int freezeset(struct parse *, cset *);
 static int firstch(struct parse *, cset *);
 static int nch(struct parse *, cset *);
 static void mcadd(struct parse *, cset *, const char *);
 static void mcinvert(struct parse *, cset *);
 static void mccase(struct parse *, cset *);
 static int isinsets(struct re_guts *, int);
 static int samesets(struct re_guts *, int, int);
 static void categorize(struct parse *, struct re_guts *);
 static sopno dupl(struct parse *, sopno, sopno);
 static void doemit(struct parse *, sop, size_t);
 static void doinsert(struct parse *, sop, size_t, sopno);
 static void dofwd(struct parse *, sopno, sop);
 static void enlarge(struct parse *, sopno);
 static void stripsnug(struct parse *, struct re_guts *);
 static void findmust(struct parse *, struct re_guts *);
 static sopno pluscount(struct parse *, struct re_guts *);
 
 static char nuls[10];		/* place to point scanner in event of error */
 
 /*
  * macros for use with parse structure
  * BEWARE:  these know that the parse structure is named `p' !!!
  */
 #define	PEEK()	(*p->next)
 #define	PEEK2()	(*(p->next+1))
 #define	MORE()	(p->next < p->end)
 #define	MORE2()	(p->next+1 < p->end)
 #define	SEE(c)	(MORE() && PEEK() == (c))
 #define	SEETWO(a, b)	(MORE() && MORE2() && PEEK() == (a) && PEEK2() == (b))
 #define	EAT(c)	((SEE(c)) ? (NEXT(), 1) : 0)
 #define	EATTWO(a, b)	((SEETWO(a, b)) ? (NEXT2(), 1) : 0)
 #define	NEXT()	(p->next++)
 #define	NEXT2()	(p->next += 2)
 #define	NEXTn(n)	(p->next += (n))
 #define	GETNEXT()	(*p->next++)
 #define	SETERROR(e)	seterr(p, (e))
 #define	REQUIRE(co, e)	(void)((co) || SETERROR(e))
 #define	MUSTSEE(c, e)	(REQUIRE(MORE() && PEEK() == (c), e))
 #define	MUSTEAT(c, e)	(REQUIRE(MORE() && GETNEXT() == (c), e))
 #define	MUSTNOTSEE(c, e)	(REQUIRE(!MORE() || PEEK() != (c), e))
 #define	EMIT(op, sopnd)	doemit(p, (sop)(op), (size_t)(sopnd))
 #define	INSERT(op, pos)	doinsert(p, (sop)(op), HERE()-(pos)+1, pos)
 #define	AHEAD(pos)		dofwd(p, pos, HERE()-(pos))
 #define	ASTERN(sop, pos)	EMIT(sop, HERE()-pos)
 #define	HERE()		(p->slen)
 #define	THERE()		(p->slen - 1)
 #define	THERETHERE()	(p->slen - 2)
 #define	DROP(n)	(p->slen -= (n))
 
 #ifndef NDEBUG
 static int never = 0;		/* for use in asserts; shuts lint up */
 #else
 #define	never	0		/* some <assert.h>s have bugs too */
 #endif
 
 /*
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  - cli_regcomp_real - interface for parser and compilation
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  */
 int				/* 0 success, otherwise REG_something */
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 cli_regcomp_real(regex_t *preg, const char *pattern, int cflags)
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 {
 	struct parse pa;
 	struct re_guts *g;
 	struct parse *p = &pa;
 	int i;
 	size_t len;
 #ifdef REDEBUG
 #	define	GOODFLAGS(f)	(f)
 #else
 #	define	GOODFLAGS(f)	((f)&~REG_DUMP)
 #endif
 
 	cflags = GOODFLAGS(cflags);
 	if ((cflags&REG_EXTENDED) && (cflags&REG_NOSPEC))
 		return(REG_INVARG);
 
 	if (cflags&REG_PEND) {
 		if (preg->re_endp < pattern)
 			return(REG_INVARG);
 		len = preg->re_endp - pattern;
 	} else
 		len = strlen((const char *)pattern);
 
 	/* do the mallocs early so failure handling is easy */
 	g = (struct re_guts *)cli_malloc(sizeof(struct re_guts) +
 							(NC-1)*sizeof(cat_t));
 	if (g == NULL)
 		return(REG_ESPACE);
 	p->ssize = len/(size_t)2*(size_t)3 + (size_t)1;	/* ugh */
 	p->strip = (sop *)cli_calloc(p->ssize, sizeof(sop));
 	p->slen = 0;
 	if (p->strip == NULL) {
 		free((char *)g);
 		return(REG_ESPACE);
 	}
 
 	/* set things up */
 	p->g = g;
 	p->next = (char *)pattern;	/* convenience; we do not modify it */
 	p->end = p->next + len;
 	p->error = 0;
 	p->ncsalloc = 0;
 	for (i = 0; i < NPAREN; i++) {
 		p->pbegin[i] = 0;
 		p->pend[i] = 0;
 	}
 	g->csetsize = NC;
 	g->sets = NULL;
 	g->setbits = NULL;
 	g->ncsets = 0;
 	g->cflags = cflags;
 	g->iflags = 0;
 	g->nbol = 0;
 	g->neol = 0;
 	g->must = NULL;
 	g->mlen = 0;
 	g->nsub = 0;
 	g->ncategories = 1;	/* category 0 is "everything else" */
 	g->categories = &g->catspace[-(CHAR_MIN)];
 	(void) memset((char *)g->catspace, 0, NC*sizeof(cat_t));
 	g->backrefs = 0;
 
 	/* do it */
 	EMIT(OEND, 0);
 	g->firststate = THERE();
 	if (cflags&REG_EXTENDED)
 		p_ere(p, OUT);
 	else if (cflags&REG_NOSPEC)
 		p_str(p);
 	else
 		p_bre(p, OUT, OUT);
 	EMIT(OEND, 0);
 	g->laststate = THERE();
 
 	/* tidy up loose ends and fill things in */
 	categorize(p, g);
 	stripsnug(p, g);
 	findmust(p, g);
 	g->nplus = pluscount(p, g);
 	g->magic = MAGIC2;
 	preg->re_nsub = g->nsub;
 	preg->re_g = g;
 	preg->re_magic = MAGIC1;
 #ifndef REDEBUG
 	/* not debugging, so can't rely on the assert() in cli_regexec() */
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 	if (g->iflags&REGEX_BAD)
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 		SETERROR(REG_ASSERT);
 #endif
 
 	/* win or lose, we're done */
 	if (p->error != 0)	/* lose */
 		cli_regfree(preg);
 	return(p->error);
 }
 
 /*
  - p_ere - ERE parser top level, concatenation and alternation
  */
 static void
 p_ere(struct parse *p, int stop)	/* character this ERE should end at */
 {
 	char c;
 	sopno prevback;
 	sopno prevfwd;
 	sopno conc;
 	int first = 1;		/* is this the first alternative? */
 
 	for (;;) {
 		/* do a bunch of concatenated expressions */
 		conc = HERE();
 		while (MORE() && (c = PEEK()) != '|' && c != stop)
 			p_ere_exp(p);
 		REQUIRE(HERE() != conc, REG_EMPTY);	/* require nonempty */
 
 		if (!EAT('|'))
 			break;		/* NOTE BREAK OUT */
 
 		if (first) {
 			INSERT(OCH_, conc);	/* offset is wrong */
 			prevfwd = conc;
 			prevback = conc;
 			first = 0;
 		}
 		ASTERN(OOR1, prevback);
 		prevback = THERE();
 		AHEAD(prevfwd);			/* fix previous offset */
 		prevfwd = HERE();
 		EMIT(OOR2, 0);			/* offset is very wrong */
 	}
 
 	if (!first) {		/* tail-end fixups */
 		AHEAD(prevfwd);
 		ASTERN(O_CH, prevback);
 	}
 
 	assert(!MORE() || SEE(stop));
 }
 
 /*
  - p_ere_exp - parse one subERE, an atom possibly followed by a repetition op
  */
 static void
 p_ere_exp(struct parse *p)
 {
 	char c;
 	sopno pos;
 	int count;
 	int count2;
 	sopno subno;
 	int wascaret = 0;
 
 	assert(MORE());		/* caller should have ensured this */
 	c = GETNEXT();
 
 	pos = HERE();
 	switch (c) {
 	case '(':
 		REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EPAREN);
 		p->g->nsub++;
 		subno = p->g->nsub;
 		if (subno < NPAREN)
 			p->pbegin[subno] = HERE();
 		EMIT(OLPAREN, subno);
 		if (!SEE(')'))
 			p_ere(p, ')');
 		if (subno < NPAREN) {
 			p->pend[subno] = HERE();
 			assert(p->pend[subno] != 0);
 		}
 		EMIT(ORPAREN, subno);
 		MUSTEAT(')', REG_EPAREN);
 		break;
 #ifndef POSIX_MISTAKE
 	case ')':		/* happens only if no current unmatched ( */
 		/*
 		 * You may ask, why the ifndef?  Because I didn't notice
 		 * this until slightly too late for 1003.2, and none of the
 		 * other 1003.2 regular-expression reviewers noticed it at
 		 * all.  So an unmatched ) is legal POSIX, at least until
 		 * we can get it fixed.
 		 */
 		SETERROR(REG_EPAREN);
 		break;
 #endif
 	case '^':
 		EMIT(OBOL, 0);
 		p->g->iflags |= USEBOL;
 		p->g->nbol++;
 		wascaret = 1;
 		break;
 	case '$':
 		EMIT(OEOL, 0);
 		p->g->iflags |= USEEOL;
 		p->g->neol++;
 		break;
 	case '|':
 		SETERROR(REG_EMPTY);
 		break;
 	case '*':
 	case '+':
 	case '?':
 		SETERROR(REG_BADRPT);
 		break;
 	case '.':
 		if (p->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE)
 			nonnewline(p);
 		else
 			EMIT(OANY, 0);
 		break;
 	case '[':
 		p_bracket(p);
 		break;
 	case '\\':
 		REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EESCAPE);
 		c = GETNEXT();
 		ordinary(p, c);
 		break;
 	case '{':		/* okay as ordinary except if digit follows */
 		REQUIRE(!MORE() || !isdigit((uch)PEEK()), REG_BADRPT);
 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
 	default:
 		ordinary(p, c);
 		break;
 	}
 
 	if (!MORE())
 		return;
 	c = PEEK();
 	/* we call { a repetition if followed by a digit */
 	if (!( c == '*' || c == '+' || c == '?' ||
 				(c == '{' && MORE2() && isdigit((uch)PEEK2())) ))
 		return;		/* no repetition, we're done */
 	NEXT();
 
 	REQUIRE(!wascaret, REG_BADRPT);
 	switch (c) {
 	case '*':	/* implemented as +? */
 		/* this case does not require the (y|) trick, noKLUDGE */
 		INSERT(OPLUS_, pos);
 		ASTERN(O_PLUS, pos);
 		INSERT(OQUEST_, pos);
 		ASTERN(O_QUEST, pos);
 		break;
 	case '+':
 		INSERT(OPLUS_, pos);
 		ASTERN(O_PLUS, pos);
 		break;
 	case '?':
 		/* KLUDGE: emit y? as (y|) until subtle bug gets fixed */
 		INSERT(OCH_, pos);		/* offset slightly wrong */
 		ASTERN(OOR1, pos);		/* this one's right */
 		AHEAD(pos);			/* fix the OCH_ */
 		EMIT(OOR2, 0);			/* offset very wrong... */
 		AHEAD(THERE());			/* ...so fix it */
 		ASTERN(O_CH, THERETHERE());
 		break;
 	case '{':
 		count = p_count(p);
 		if (EAT(',')) {
 			if (isdigit((uch)PEEK())) {
 				count2 = p_count(p);
 				REQUIRE(count <= count2, REG_BADBR);
 			} else		/* single number with comma */
 				count2 = INFINITY;
 		} else		/* just a single number */
 			count2 = count;
 		repeat(p, pos, count, count2);
 		if (!EAT('}')) {	/* error heuristics */
 			while (MORE() && PEEK() != '}')
 				NEXT();
 			REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EBRACE);
 			SETERROR(REG_BADBR);
 		}
 		break;
 	}
 
 	if (!MORE())
 		return;
 	c = PEEK();
 	if (!( c == '*' || c == '+' || c == '?' ||
 				(c == '{' && MORE2() && isdigit((uch)PEEK2())) ) )
 		return;
 	SETERROR(REG_BADRPT);
 }
 
 /*
  - p_str - string (no metacharacters) "parser"
  */
 static void
 p_str(struct parse *p)
 {
 	REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EMPTY);
 	while (MORE())
 		ordinary(p, GETNEXT());
 }
 
 /*
  - p_bre - BRE parser top level, anchoring and concatenation
  * Giving end1 as OUT essentially eliminates the end1/end2 check.
  *
  * This implementation is a bit of a kludge, in that a trailing $ is first
  * taken as an ordinary character and then revised to be an anchor.  The
  * only undesirable side effect is that '$' gets included as a character
  * category in such cases.  This is fairly harmless; not worth fixing.
  * The amount of lookahead needed to avoid this kludge is excessive.
  */
 static void
 p_bre(struct parse *p,
     int end1,		/* first terminating character */
     int end2)		/* second terminating character */
 {
 	sopno start = HERE();
 	int first = 1;			/* first subexpression? */
 	int wasdollar = 0;
 
 	if (EAT('^')) {
 		EMIT(OBOL, 0);
 		p->g->iflags |= USEBOL;
 		p->g->nbol++;
 	}
 	while (MORE() && !SEETWO(end1, end2)) {
 		wasdollar = p_simp_re(p, first);
 		first = 0;
 	}
 	if (wasdollar) {	/* oops, that was a trailing anchor */
 		DROP(1);
 		EMIT(OEOL, 0);
 		p->g->iflags |= USEEOL;
 		p->g->neol++;
 	}
 
 	REQUIRE(HERE() != start, REG_EMPTY);	/* require nonempty */
 }
 
 /*
  - p_simp_re - parse a simple RE, an atom possibly followed by a repetition
  */
 static int			/* was the simple RE an unbackslashed $? */
 p_simp_re(struct parse *p,
     int starordinary)		/* is a leading * an ordinary character? */
 {
 	int c;
 	int count;
 	int count2;
 	sopno pos;
 	int i;
 	sopno subno;
 #	define	BACKSL	(1<<CHAR_BIT)
 
 	pos = HERE();		/* repetion op, if any, covers from here */
 
 	assert(MORE());		/* caller should have ensured this */
 	c = GETNEXT();
 	if (c == '\\') {
 		REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EESCAPE);
 		c = BACKSL | GETNEXT();
 	}
 	switch (c) {
 	case '.':
 		if (p->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE)
 			nonnewline(p);
 		else
 			EMIT(OANY, 0);
 		break;
 	case '[':
 		p_bracket(p);
 		break;
 	case BACKSL|'{':
 		SETERROR(REG_BADRPT);
 		break;
 	case BACKSL|'(':
 		p->g->nsub++;
 		subno = p->g->nsub;
 		if (subno < NPAREN)
 			p->pbegin[subno] = HERE();
 		EMIT(OLPAREN, subno);
 		/* the MORE here is an error heuristic */
 		if (MORE() && !SEETWO('\\', ')'))
 			p_bre(p, '\\', ')');
 		if (subno < NPAREN) {
 			p->pend[subno] = HERE();
 			assert(p->pend[subno] != 0);
 		}
 		EMIT(ORPAREN, subno);
 		REQUIRE(EATTWO('\\', ')'), REG_EPAREN);
 		break;
 	case BACKSL|')':	/* should not get here -- must be user */
 	case BACKSL|'}':
 		SETERROR(REG_EPAREN);
 		break;
 	case BACKSL|'1':
 	case BACKSL|'2':
 	case BACKSL|'3':
 	case BACKSL|'4':
 	case BACKSL|'5':
 	case BACKSL|'6':
 	case BACKSL|'7':
 	case BACKSL|'8':
 	case BACKSL|'9':
 		i = (c&~BACKSL) - '0';
 		assert(i < NPAREN);
 		if (p->pend[i] != 0) {
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 			assert((size_t)i <= p->g->nsub);
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 			EMIT(OBACK_, i);
 			assert(p->pbegin[i] != 0);
 			assert(OP(p->strip[p->pbegin[i]]) == OLPAREN);
 			assert(OP(p->strip[p->pend[i]]) == ORPAREN);
 			(void) dupl(p, p->pbegin[i]+1, p->pend[i]);
 			EMIT(O_BACK, i);
 		} else
 			SETERROR(REG_ESUBREG);
 		p->g->backrefs = 1;
 		break;
 	case '*':
 		REQUIRE(starordinary, REG_BADRPT);
 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
 	default:
 		ordinary(p, (char)c);
 		break;
 	}
 
 	if (EAT('*')) {		/* implemented as +? */
 		/* this case does not require the (y|) trick, noKLUDGE */
 		INSERT(OPLUS_, pos);
 		ASTERN(O_PLUS, pos);
 		INSERT(OQUEST_, pos);
 		ASTERN(O_QUEST, pos);
 	} else if (EATTWO('\\', '{')) {
 		count = p_count(p);
 		if (EAT(',')) {
 			if (MORE() && isdigit((uch)PEEK())) {
 				count2 = p_count(p);
 				REQUIRE(count <= count2, REG_BADBR);
 			} else		/* single number with comma */
 				count2 = INFINITY;
 		} else		/* just a single number */
 			count2 = count;
 		repeat(p, pos, count, count2);
 		if (!EATTWO('\\', '}')) {	/* error heuristics */
 			while (MORE() && !SEETWO('\\', '}'))
 				NEXT();
 			REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EBRACE);
 			SETERROR(REG_BADBR);
 		}
 	} else if (c == '$')	/* $ (but not \$) ends it */
 		return(1);
 
 	return(0);
 }
 
 /*
  - p_count - parse a repetition count
  */
 static int			/* the value */
 p_count(struct parse *p)
 {
 	int count = 0;
 	int ndigits = 0;
 
 	while (MORE() && isdigit((uch)PEEK()) && count <= DUPMAX) {
 		count = count*10 + (GETNEXT() - '0');
 		ndigits++;
 	}
 
 	REQUIRE(ndigits > 0 && count <= DUPMAX, REG_BADBR);
 	return(count);
 }
 
 /*
  - p_bracket - parse a bracketed character list
  *
  * Note a significant property of this code:  if the allocset() did SETERROR,
  * no set operations are done.
  */
 static void
 p_bracket(struct parse *p)
 {
 	cset *cs;
 	int invert = 0;
 
 	/* Dept of Truly Sickening Special-Case Kludges */
 	if (p->next + 5 < p->end && strncmp(p->next, "[:<:]]", 6) == 0) {
 		EMIT(OBOW, 0);
 		NEXTn(6);
 		return;
 	}
 	if (p->next + 5 < p->end && strncmp(p->next, "[:>:]]", 6) == 0) {
 		EMIT(OEOW, 0);
 		NEXTn(6);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	if ((cs = allocset(p)) == NULL) {
 		/* allocset did set error status in p */
 		return;
 	}
 
 	if (EAT('^'))
 		invert++;	/* make note to invert set at end */
 	if (EAT(']'))
 		CHadd(cs, ']');
 	else if (EAT('-'))
 		CHadd(cs, '-');
 	while (MORE() && PEEK() != ']' && !SEETWO('-', ']'))
 		p_b_term(p, cs);
 	if (EAT('-'))
 		CHadd(cs, '-');
 	MUSTEAT(']', REG_EBRACK);
 
 	if (p->error != 0) {	/* don't mess things up further */
 		freeset(p, cs);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	if (p->g->cflags&REG_ICASE) {
 		int i;
 		int ci;
 
 		for (i = p->g->csetsize - 1; i >= 0; i--)
 			if (CHIN(cs, i) && isalpha(i)) {
 				ci = othercase(i);
 				if (ci != i)
 					CHadd(cs, ci);
 			}
 		if (cs->multis != NULL)
 			mccase(p, cs);
 	}
 	if (invert) {
 		int i;
 
 		for (i = p->g->csetsize - 1; i >= 0; i--)
 			if (CHIN(cs, i))
 				CHsub(cs, i);
 			else
 				CHadd(cs, i);
 		if (p->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE)
 			CHsub(cs, '\n');
 		if (cs->multis != NULL)
 			mcinvert(p, cs);
 	}
 
 	assert(cs->multis == NULL);		/* xxx */
 
 	if (nch(p, cs) == 1) {		/* optimize singleton sets */
 		ordinary(p, firstch(p, cs));
 		freeset(p, cs);
 	} else
 		EMIT(OANYOF, freezeset(p, cs));
 }
 
 /*
  - p_b_term - parse one term of a bracketed character list
  */
 static void
 p_b_term(struct parse *p, cset *cs)
 {
 	char c;
 	char start, finish;
 	int i;
 
 	/* classify what we've got */
 	switch ((MORE()) ? PEEK() : '\0') {
 	case '[':
 		c = (MORE2()) ? PEEK2() : '\0';
 		break;
 	case '-':
 		SETERROR(REG_ERANGE);
 		return;			/* NOTE RETURN */
 		break;
 	default:
 		c = '\0';
 		break;
 	}
 
 	switch (c) {
 	case ':':		/* character class */
 		NEXT2();
 		REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EBRACK);
 		c = PEEK();
 		REQUIRE(c != '-' && c != ']', REG_ECTYPE);
 		p_b_cclass(p, cs);
 		REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EBRACK);
 		REQUIRE(EATTWO(':', ']'), REG_ECTYPE);
 		break;
 	case '=':		/* equivalence class */
 		NEXT2();
 		REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EBRACK);
 		c = PEEK();
 		REQUIRE(c != '-' && c != ']', REG_ECOLLATE);
 		p_b_eclass(p, cs);
 		REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EBRACK);
 		REQUIRE(EATTWO('=', ']'), REG_ECOLLATE);
 		break;
 	default:		/* symbol, ordinary character, or range */
 /* xxx revision needed for multichar stuff */
 		start = p_b_symbol(p);
 		if (SEE('-') && MORE2() && PEEK2() != ']') {
 			/* range */
 			NEXT();
 			if (EAT('-'))
 				finish = '-';
 			else
 				finish = p_b_symbol(p);
 		} else
 			finish = start;
 /* xxx what about signed chars here... */
 		REQUIRE(start <= finish, REG_ERANGE);
 		for (i = start; i <= finish; i++)
 			CHadd(cs, i);
 		break;
 	}
 }
 
 /*
  - p_b_cclass - parse a character-class name and deal with it
  */
 static void
 p_b_cclass(struct parse *p, cset *cs)
 {
 	char *sp = p->next;
 	struct cclass *cp;
 	size_t len;
 	const char *u;
 	char c;
 
 	while (MORE() && isalpha(PEEK()))
 		NEXT();
 	len = p->next - sp;
 	for (cp = cclasses; cp->name != NULL; cp++)
 		if (strncmp(cp->name, sp, len) == 0 && cp->name[len] == '\0')
 			break;
 	if (cp->name == NULL) {
 		/* oops, didn't find it */
 		SETERROR(REG_ECTYPE);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	u = cp->chars;
 	while ((c = *u++) != '\0')
 		CHadd(cs, c);
 	for (u = cp->multis; *u != '\0'; u += strlen(u) + 1)
 		MCadd(p, cs, u);
 }
 
 /*
  - p_b_eclass - parse an equivalence-class name and deal with it
  *
  * This implementation is incomplete. xxx
  */
 static void
 p_b_eclass(struct parse *p, cset *cs)
 {
 	char c;
 
 	c = p_b_coll_elem(p, '=');
 	CHadd(cs, c);
 }
 
 /*
  - p_b_symbol - parse a character or [..]ed multicharacter collating symbol
  */
 static char			/* value of symbol */
 p_b_symbol(struct parse *p)
 {
 	char value;
 
 	REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EBRACK);
 	if (!EATTWO('[', '.'))
 		return(GETNEXT());
 
 	/* collating symbol */
 	value = p_b_coll_elem(p, '.');
 	REQUIRE(EATTWO('.', ']'), REG_ECOLLATE);
 	return(value);
 }
 
 /*
  - p_b_coll_elem - parse a collating-element name and look it up
  */
 static char			/* value of collating element */
 p_b_coll_elem(struct parse *p,
     int endc)			/* name ended by endc,']' */
 {
 	char *sp = p->next;
 	struct cname *cp;
 	int len;
 
 	while (MORE() && !SEETWO(endc, ']'))
 		NEXT();
 	if (!MORE()) {
 		SETERROR(REG_EBRACK);
 		return(0);
 	}
 	len = p->next - sp;
 	for (cp = cnames; cp->name != NULL; cp++)
 		if (strncmp(cp->name, sp, len) == 0 && cp->name[len] == '\0')
 			return(cp->code);	/* known name */
 	if (len == 1)
 		return(*sp);	/* single character */
 	SETERROR(REG_ECOLLATE);			/* neither */
 	return(0);
 }
 
 /*
  - othercase - return the case counterpart of an alphabetic
  */
 static char			/* if no counterpart, return ch */
 othercase(int ch)
 {
 	ch = (uch)ch;
 	assert(isalpha(ch));
 	if (isupper(ch))
 		return ((uch)tolower(ch));
 	else if (islower(ch))
 		return ((uch)toupper(ch));
 	else			/* peculiar, but could happen */
 		return(ch);
 }
 
 /*
  - bothcases - emit a dualcase version of a two-case character
  *
  * Boy, is this implementation ever a kludge...
  */
 static void
 bothcases(struct parse *p, int ch)
 {
 	char *oldnext = p->next;
 	char *oldend = p->end;
 	char bracket[3];
 
 	ch = (uch)ch;
 	assert(othercase(ch) != ch);	/* p_bracket() would recurse */
 	p->next = bracket;
 	p->end = bracket+2;
 	bracket[0] = ch;
 	bracket[1] = ']';
 	bracket[2] = '\0';
 	p_bracket(p);
 	assert(p->next == bracket+2);
 	p->next = oldnext;
 	p->end = oldend;
 }
 
 /*
  - ordinary - emit an ordinary character
  */
 static void
 ordinary(struct parse *p, int ch)
 {
 	cat_t *cap = p->g->categories;
 
 	if ((p->g->cflags&REG_ICASE) && isalpha((uch)ch) && othercase(ch) != ch)
 		bothcases(p, ch);
 	else {
 		EMIT(OCHAR, (uch)ch);
 		if (cap[ch] == 0)
 			cap[ch] = p->g->ncategories++;
 	}
 }
 
 /*
  - nonnewline - emit REG_NEWLINE version of OANY
  *
  * Boy, is this implementation ever a kludge...
  */
 static void
 nonnewline(struct parse *p)
 {
 	char *oldnext = p->next;
 	char *oldend = p->end;
 	char bracket[4];
 
 	p->next = bracket;
 	p->end = bracket+3;
 	bracket[0] = '^';
 	bracket[1] = '\n';
 	bracket[2] = ']';
 	bracket[3] = '\0';
 	p_bracket(p);
 	assert(p->next == bracket+3);
 	p->next = oldnext;
 	p->end = oldend;
 }
 
 /*
  - repeat - generate code for a bounded repetition, recursively if needed
  */
 static void
 repeat(struct parse *p,
     sopno start,		/* operand from here to end of strip */
     int from,			/* repeated from this number */
     int to)			/* to this number of times (maybe INFINITY) */
 {
 	sopno finish = HERE();
 #	define	N	2
 #	define	INF	3
 #	define	REP(f, t)	((f)*8 + (t))
 #	define	MAP(n)	(((n) <= 1) ? (n) : ((n) == INFINITY) ? INF : N)
 	sopno copy;
 
 	if (p->error != 0)	/* head off possible runaway recursion */
 		return;
 
 	assert(from <= to);
 
 	switch (REP(MAP(from), MAP(to))) {
 	case REP(0, 0):			/* must be user doing this */
 		DROP(finish-start);	/* drop the operand */
 		break;
 	case REP(0, 1):			/* as x{1,1}? */
 	case REP(0, N):			/* as x{1,n}? */
 	case REP(0, INF):		/* as x{1,}? */
 		/* KLUDGE: emit y? as (y|) until subtle bug gets fixed */
 		INSERT(OCH_, start);		/* offset is wrong... */
 		repeat(p, start+1, 1, to);
 		ASTERN(OOR1, start);
 		AHEAD(start);			/* ... fix it */
 		EMIT(OOR2, 0);
 		AHEAD(THERE());
 		ASTERN(O_CH, THERETHERE());
 		break;
 	case REP(1, 1):			/* trivial case */
 		/* done */
 		break;
 	case REP(1, N):			/* as x?x{1,n-1} */
 		/* KLUDGE: emit y? as (y|) until subtle bug gets fixed */
 		INSERT(OCH_, start);
 		ASTERN(OOR1, start);
 		AHEAD(start);
 		EMIT(OOR2, 0);			/* offset very wrong... */
 		AHEAD(THERE());			/* ...so fix it */
 		ASTERN(O_CH, THERETHERE());
 		copy = dupl(p, start+1, finish+1);
 		assert(copy == finish+4);
 		repeat(p, copy, 1, to-1);
 		break;
 	case REP(1, INF):		/* as x+ */
 		INSERT(OPLUS_, start);
 		ASTERN(O_PLUS, start);
 		break;
 	case REP(N, N):			/* as xx{m-1,n-1} */
 		copy = dupl(p, start, finish);
 		repeat(p, copy, from-1, to-1);
 		break;
 	case REP(N, INF):		/* as xx{n-1,INF} */
 		copy = dupl(p, start, finish);
 		repeat(p, copy, from-1, to);
 		break;
 	default:			/* "can't happen" */
 		SETERROR(REG_ASSERT);	/* just in case */
 		break;
 	}
 }
 
 /*
  - seterr - set an error condition
  */
 static int			/* useless but makes type checking happy */
 seterr(struct parse *p, int e)
 {
 	if (p->error == 0)	/* keep earliest error condition */
 		p->error = e;
 	p->next = nuls;		/* try to bring things to a halt */
 	p->end = nuls;
 	return(0);		/* make the return value well-defined */
 }
 
 /*
  - allocset - allocate a set of characters for []
  */
 static cset *
 allocset(struct parse *p)
 {
 	int no = p->g->ncsets++;
 	size_t nc;
 	size_t nbytes;
 	cset *cs;
 	size_t css = (size_t)p->g->csetsize;
 	int i;
 
 	if (no >= p->ncsalloc) {	/* need another column of space */
 		void *ptr;
 
 		p->ncsalloc += CHAR_BIT;
 		nc = p->ncsalloc;
 		assert(nc % CHAR_BIT == 0);
 		nbytes = nc / CHAR_BIT * css;
 
 		ptr = (cset *)cli_realloc((char *)p->g->sets, nc * sizeof(cset));
 		if (ptr == NULL)
 			goto nomem;
 		p->g->sets = ptr;
 
 		ptr = (uch *)cli_realloc((char *)p->g->setbits, nbytes);
 		if (ptr == NULL)
 			goto nomem;
 		p->g->setbits = ptr;
 
 		for (i = 0; i < no; i++)
 			p->g->sets[i].ptr = p->g->setbits + css*(i/CHAR_BIT);
 
 		(void) memset((char *)p->g->setbits + (nbytes - css), 0, css);
 	}
a08739dc
 	/* XXX should not happen */
 	if (p->g->sets == NULL || p->g->setbits == NULL)
8f81a5f5
 		goto nomem;
 
53ff1b04
 	cs = &p->g->sets[no];
 	cs->ptr = p->g->setbits + css*((no)/CHAR_BIT);
 	cs->mask = 1 << ((no) % CHAR_BIT);
 	cs->hash = 0;
 	cs->smultis = 0;
 	cs->multis = NULL;
 
 	return(cs);
 nomem:
 	free(p->g->sets);
 	p->g->sets = NULL;
 	free(p->g->setbits);
 	p->g->setbits = NULL;
 
 	SETERROR(REG_ESPACE);
 	/* caller's responsibility not to do set ops */
 	return(NULL);
 }
 
 /*
  - freeset - free a now-unused set
  */
 static void
 freeset(struct parse *p, cset *cs)
 {
 	size_t i;
 	cset *top = &p->g->sets[p->g->ncsets];
 	size_t css = (size_t)p->g->csetsize;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < css; i++)
 		CHsub(cs, i);
 	if (cs == top-1)	/* recover only the easy case */
 		p->g->ncsets--;
 }
 
 /*
  - freezeset - final processing on a set of characters
  *
  * The main task here is merging identical sets.  This is usually a waste
  * of time (although the hash code minimizes the overhead), but can win
  * big if REG_ICASE is being used.  REG_ICASE, by the way, is why the hash
  * is done using addition rather than xor -- all ASCII [aA] sets xor to
  * the same value!
  */
 static int			/* set number */
 freezeset(struct parse *p, cset *cs)
 {
 	uch h = cs->hash;
 	size_t i;
 	cset *top = &p->g->sets[p->g->ncsets];
 	cset *cs2;
 	size_t css = (size_t)p->g->csetsize;
 
 	/* look for an earlier one which is the same */
 	for (cs2 = &p->g->sets[0]; cs2 < top; cs2++)
 		if (cs2->hash == h && cs2 != cs) {
 			/* maybe */
 			for (i = 0; i < css; i++)
 				if (!!CHIN(cs2, i) != !!CHIN(cs, i))
 					break;		/* no */
 			if (i == css)
 				break;			/* yes */
 		}
 
 	if (cs2 < top) {	/* found one */
 		freeset(p, cs);
 		cs = cs2;
 	}
 
 	return((int)(cs - p->g->sets));
 }
 
 /*
  - firstch - return first character in a set (which must have at least one)
  */
 static int			/* character; there is no "none" value */
 firstch(struct parse *p, cset *cs)
 {
 	size_t i;
 	size_t css = (size_t)p->g->csetsize;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < css; i++)
 		if (CHIN(cs, i))
 			return((char)i);
 	assert(never);
 	return(0);		/* arbitrary */
 }
 
 /*
  - nch - number of characters in a set
  */
 static int
 nch(struct parse *p, cset *cs)
 {
 	size_t i;
 	size_t css = (size_t)p->g->csetsize;
 	int n = 0;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < css; i++)
 		if (CHIN(cs, i))
 			n++;
 	return(n);
 }
 
 /*
  - mcadd - add a collating element to a cset
  */
 static void
 mcadd( struct parse *p, cset *cs, const char *cp)
 {
 	size_t oldend = cs->smultis;
 	void *np;
 
 	cs->smultis += strlen(cp) + 1;
a08739dc
 	np = cli_realloc(cs->multis, cs->smultis);
53ff1b04
 	if (np == NULL) {
 		if (cs->multis)
 			free(cs->multis);
 		cs->multis = NULL;
 		SETERROR(REG_ESPACE);
 		return;
 	}
 	cs->multis = np;
 
 	cli_strlcpy(cs->multis + oldend - 1, cp, cs->smultis - oldend + 1);
 }
 
 /*
  - mcinvert - invert the list of collating elements in a cset
  *
  * This would have to know the set of possibilities.  Implementation
  * is deferred.
  */
 /* ARGSUSED */
 static void
 mcinvert(struct parse *p, cset *cs)
 {
cd94be7a
     UNUSEDPARAM(p);
53ff1b04
 	assert(cs->multis == NULL);	/* xxx */
 }
 
 /*
  - mccase - add case counterparts of the list of collating elements in a cset
  *
  * This would have to know the set of possibilities.  Implementation
  * is deferred.
  */
 /* ARGSUSED */
 static void
 mccase(struct parse *p, cset *cs)
 {
cd94be7a
     UNUSEDPARAM(p);
53ff1b04
 	assert(cs->multis == NULL);	/* xxx */
 }
 
 /*
  - isinsets - is this character in any sets?
  */
 static int			/* predicate */
 isinsets(struct re_guts *g, int c)
 {
 	uch *col;
 	int i;
 	int ncols = (g->ncsets+(CHAR_BIT-1)) / CHAR_BIT;
 	unsigned uc = (uch)c;
 
 	for (i = 0, col = g->setbits; i < ncols; i++, col += g->csetsize)
 		if (col[uc] != 0)
 			return(1);
 	return(0);
 }
 
 /*
  - samesets - are these two characters in exactly the same sets?
  */
 static int			/* predicate */
 samesets(struct re_guts *g, int c1, int c2)
 {
 	uch *col;
 	int i;
 	int ncols = (g->ncsets+(CHAR_BIT-1)) / CHAR_BIT;
 	unsigned uc1 = (uch)c1;
 	unsigned uc2 = (uch)c2;
 
 	for (i = 0, col = g->setbits; i < ncols; i++, col += g->csetsize)
 		if (col[uc1] != col[uc2])
 			return(0);
 	return(1);
 }
 
 /*
  - categorize - sort out character categories
  */
 static void
 categorize(struct parse *p, struct re_guts *g)
 {
 	cat_t *cats = g->categories;
 	int c;
 	int c2;
 	cat_t cat;
 
 	/* avoid making error situations worse */
 	if (p->error != 0)
 		return;
 
 	for (c = CHAR_MIN; c <= CHAR_MAX; c++)
 		if (cats[c] == 0 && isinsets(g, c)) {
 			cat = g->ncategories++;
 			cats[c] = cat;
 			for (c2 = c+1; c2 <= CHAR_MAX; c2++)
 				if (cats[c2] == 0 && samesets(g, c, c2))
 					cats[c2] = cat;
 		}
 }
 
 /*
  - dupl - emit a duplicate of a bunch of sops
  */
 static sopno			/* start of duplicate */
 dupl(struct parse *p,
     sopno start,		/* from here */
     sopno finish)		/* to this less one */
 {
 	sopno ret = HERE();
 	sopno len = finish - start;
 
 	assert(finish >= start);
 	if (len == 0)
 		return(ret);
 	enlarge(p, p->ssize + len);	/* this many unexpected additions */
 	assert(p->ssize >= p->slen + len);
 	(void) memmove((char *)(p->strip + p->slen),
 		(char *)(p->strip + start), (size_t)len*sizeof(sop));
 	p->slen += len;
 	return(ret);
 }
 
 /*
  - doemit - emit a strip operator
  *
  * It might seem better to implement this as a macro with a function as
  * hard-case backup, but it's just too big and messy unless there are
  * some changes to the data structures.  Maybe later.
  */
 static void
 doemit(struct parse *p, sop op, size_t opnd)
 {
 	/* avoid making error situations worse */
 	if (p->error != 0)
 		return;
 
 	/* deal with oversize operands ("can't happen", more or less) */
 	assert(opnd < 1<<OPSHIFT);
 
 	/* deal with undersized strip */
 	if (p->slen >= p->ssize)
 		enlarge(p, (p->ssize+1) / 2 * 3);	/* +50% */
 	assert(p->slen < p->ssize);
 
 	/* finally, it's all reduced to the easy case */
 	p->strip[p->slen++] = SOP(op, opnd);
 }
 
 /*
  - doinsert - insert a sop into the strip
  */
 static void
 doinsert(struct parse *p, sop op, size_t opnd, sopno pos)
 {
 	sopno sn;
 	sop s;
 	int i;
 
 	/* avoid making error situations worse */
 	if (p->error != 0)
 		return;
 
 	sn = HERE();
 	EMIT(op, opnd);		/* do checks, ensure space */
 	assert(HERE() == sn+1);
 	s = p->strip[sn];
 
 	/* adjust paren pointers */
 	assert(pos > 0);
 	for (i = 1; i < NPAREN; i++) {
 		if (p->pbegin[i] >= pos) {
 			p->pbegin[i]++;
 		}
 		if (p->pend[i] >= pos) {
 			p->pend[i]++;
 		}
 	}
 
 	memmove((char *)&p->strip[pos+1], (char *)&p->strip[pos],
 						(HERE()-pos-1)*sizeof(sop));
 	p->strip[pos] = s;
 }
 
 /*
  - dofwd - complete a forward reference
  */
 static void
 dofwd(struct parse *p, sopno pos, sop value)
 {
 	/* avoid making error situations worse */
 	if (p->error != 0)
 		return;
 
 	assert(value < 1<<OPSHIFT);
 	p->strip[pos] = OP(p->strip[pos]) | value;
 }
 
 /*
  - enlarge - enlarge the strip
  */
 static void
 enlarge(struct parse *p, sopno size)
 {
 	sop *sp;
 
 	if (p->ssize >= size)
 		return;
 
 	sp = (sop *)cli_realloc(p->strip, size*sizeof(sop));
 	if (sp == NULL) {
 		SETERROR(REG_ESPACE);
 		return;
 	}
 	p->strip = sp;
 	p->ssize = size;
 }
 
 /*
  - stripsnug - compact the strip
  */
 static void
 stripsnug(struct parse *p, struct re_guts *g)
 {
 	g->nstates = p->slen;
 	g->strip = (sop *)cli_realloc((char *)p->strip, p->slen * sizeof(sop));
 	if (g->strip == NULL) {
 		SETERROR(REG_ESPACE);
 		g->strip = p->strip;
 	}
 }
 
 /*
  - findmust - fill in must and mlen with longest mandatory literal string
  *
  * This algorithm could do fancy things like analyzing the operands of |
  * for common subsequences.  Someday.  This code is simple and finds most
  * of the interesting cases.
  *
  * Note that must and mlen got initialized during setup.
  */
 static void
 findmust(struct parse *p, struct re_guts *g)
 {
 	sop *scan;
739b73ea
 	sop *start = NULL;    /* start initialized in the default case, after that */
 	sop *newstart = NULL; /* newstart was initialized in the OCHAR case */
53ff1b04
 	sopno newlen;
 	sop s;
 	char *cp;
 	sopno i;
 
 	/* avoid making error situations worse */
 	if (p->error != 0)
 		return;
 
 	/* find the longest OCHAR sequence in strip */
 	newlen = 0;
 	scan = g->strip + 1;
 	do {
 		s = *scan++;
 		switch (OP(s)) {
 		case OCHAR:		/* sequence member */
 			if (newlen == 0)		/* new sequence */
 				newstart = scan - 1;
 			newlen++;
 			break;
 		case OPLUS_:		/* things that don't break one */
 		case OLPAREN:
 		case ORPAREN:
 			break;
 		case OQUEST_:		/* things that must be skipped */
 		case OCH_:
 			scan--;
 			do {
 				scan += OPND(s);
 				s = *scan;
 				/* assert() interferes w debug printouts */
 				if (OP(s) != O_QUEST && OP(s) != O_CH &&
 							OP(s) != OOR2) {
a08739dc
 					g->iflags |= REGEX_BAD;
53ff1b04
 					return;
 				}
 			} while (OP(s) != O_QUEST && OP(s) != O_CH);
 			/* fallthrough */
 		default:		/* things that break a sequence */
 			if (newlen > g->mlen) {		/* ends one */
 				start = newstart;
 				g->mlen = newlen;
 			}
 			newlen = 0;
 			break;
 		}
 	} while (OP(s) != OEND);
 
 	if (g->mlen == 0)		/* there isn't one */
 		return;
739b73ea
 	if (start == NULL) {		/* something went wrong */
 		g->mlen = 0;
 		return;
 	}
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 	/* turn it into a character string */
 	g->must = cli_malloc((size_t)g->mlen + 1);
 	if (g->must == NULL) {		/* argh; just forget it */
 		g->mlen = 0;
 		return;
 	}
 	cp = g->must;
 	scan = start;
 	for (i = g->mlen; i > 0; i--) {
 		while (OP(s = *scan++) != OCHAR)
 			continue;
 		assert(cp < g->must + g->mlen);
 		*cp++ = (char)OPND(s);
 	}
 	assert(cp == g->must + g->mlen);
 	*cp++ = '\0';		/* just on general principles */
 }
 
 /*
  - pluscount - count + nesting
  */
 static sopno			/* nesting depth */
 pluscount(struct parse *p, struct re_guts *g)
 {
 	sop *scan;
 	sop s;
 	sopno plusnest = 0;
 	sopno maxnest = 0;
 
 	if (p->error != 0)
 		return(0);	/* there may not be an OEND */
 
 	scan = g->strip + 1;
 	do {
 		s = *scan++;
 		switch (OP(s)) {
 		case OPLUS_:
 			plusnest++;
 			break;
 		case O_PLUS:
 			if (plusnest > maxnest)
 				maxnest = plusnest;
 			plusnest--;
 			break;
 		}
 	} while (OP(s) != OEND);
 	if (plusnest != 0)
a08739dc
 		g->iflags |= REGEX_BAD;
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 	return(maxnest);
 }