daemon/graphdriver/driver.go
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 package graphdriver
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 import (
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 	"errors"
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 	"fmt"
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 	"io"
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 	"os"
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 	"path/filepath"
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 	"strings"
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 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
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 	"github.com/vbatts/tar-split/tar/storage"
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 	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/archive"
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 	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/containerfs"
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 	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/idtools"
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 	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/plugingetter"
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 )
 
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 // FsMagic unsigned id of the filesystem in use.
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 type FsMagic uint32
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 const (
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 	// FsMagicUnsupported is a predefined constant value other than a valid filesystem id.
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 	FsMagicUnsupported = FsMagic(0x00000000)
 )
 
 var (
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 	// All registered drivers
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 	drivers map[string]InitFunc
 
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 	// ErrNotSupported returned when driver is not supported.
 	ErrNotSupported = errors.New("driver not supported")
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 	// ErrPrerequisites returned when driver does not meet prerequisites.
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 	ErrPrerequisites = errors.New("prerequisites for driver not satisfied (wrong filesystem?)")
 	// ErrIncompatibleFS returned when file system is not supported.
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 	ErrIncompatibleFS = fmt.Errorf("backing file system is unsupported for this graph driver")
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 )
 
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 //CreateOpts contains optional arguments for Create() and CreateReadWrite()
 // methods.
 type CreateOpts struct {
 	MountLabel string
 	StorageOpt map[string]string
 }
 
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 // InitFunc initializes the storage driver.
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 type InitFunc func(root string, options []string, uidMaps, gidMaps []idtools.IDMap) (Driver, error)
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 // ProtoDriver defines the basic capabilities of a driver.
 // This interface exists solely to be a minimum set of methods
 // for client code which choose not to implement the entire Driver
 // interface and use the NaiveDiffDriver wrapper constructor.
 //
 // Use of ProtoDriver directly by client code is not recommended.
 type ProtoDriver interface {
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 	// String returns a string representation of this driver.
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 	String() string
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 	// CreateReadWrite creates a new, empty filesystem layer that is ready
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 	// to be used as the storage for a container. Additional options can
 	// be passed in opts. parent may be "" and opts may be nil.
 	CreateReadWrite(id, parent string, opts *CreateOpts) error
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 	// Create creates a new, empty, filesystem layer with the
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 	// specified id and parent and options passed in opts. Parent
 	// may be "" and opts may be nil.
 	Create(id, parent string, opts *CreateOpts) error
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 	// Remove attempts to remove the filesystem layer with this id.
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 	Remove(id string) error
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 	// Get returns the mountpoint for the layered filesystem referred
 	// to by this id. You can optionally specify a mountLabel or "".
 	// Returns the absolute path to the mounted layered filesystem.
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 	Get(id, mountLabel string) (fs containerfs.ContainerFS, err error)
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 	// Put releases the system resources for the specified id,
 	// e.g, unmounting layered filesystem.
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 	Put(id string) error
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 	// Exists returns whether a filesystem layer with the specified
 	// ID exists on this driver.
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 	Exists(id string) bool
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 	// Status returns a set of key-value pairs which give low
 	// level diagnostic status about this driver.
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 	Status() [][2]string
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 	// Returns a set of key-value pairs which give low level information
 	// about the image/container driver is managing.
 	GetMetadata(id string) (map[string]string, error)
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 	// Cleanup performs necessary tasks to release resources
 	// held by the driver, e.g., unmounting all layered filesystems
 	// known to this driver.
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 	Cleanup() error
 }
 
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 // DiffDriver is the interface to use to implement graph diffs
 type DiffDriver interface {
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 	// Diff produces an archive of the changes between the specified
 	// layer and its parent layer which may be "".
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 	Diff(id, parent string) (io.ReadCloser, error)
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 	// Changes produces a list of changes between the specified layer
 	// and its parent layer. If parent is "", then all changes will be ADD changes.
 	Changes(id, parent string) ([]archive.Change, error)
 	// ApplyDiff extracts the changeset from the given diff into the
 	// layer with the specified id and parent, returning the size of the
 	// new layer in bytes.
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 	// The archive.Reader must be an uncompressed stream.
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 	ApplyDiff(id, parent string, diff io.Reader) (size int64, err error)
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 	// DiffSize calculates the changes between the specified id
 	// and its parent and returns the size in bytes of the changes
 	// relative to its base filesystem directory.
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 	DiffSize(id, parent string) (size int64, err error)
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 }
 
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 // Driver is the interface for layered/snapshot file system drivers.
 type Driver interface {
 	ProtoDriver
 	DiffDriver
 }
 
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 // Capabilities defines a list of capabilities a driver may implement.
 // These capabilities are not required; however, they do determine how a
 // graphdriver can be used.
 type Capabilities struct {
 	// Flags that this driver is capable of reproducing exactly equivalent
 	// diffs for read-only layers. If set, clients can rely on the driver
 	// for consistent tar streams, and avoid extra processing to account
 	// for potential differences (eg: the layer store's use of tar-split).
 	ReproducesExactDiffs bool
 }
 
 // CapabilityDriver is the interface for layered file system drivers that
 // can report on their Capabilities.
 type CapabilityDriver interface {
 	Capabilities() Capabilities
 }
 
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 // DiffGetterDriver is the interface for layered file system drivers that
 // provide a specialized function for getting file contents for tar-split.
 type DiffGetterDriver interface {
 	Driver
 	// DiffGetter returns an interface to efficiently retrieve the contents
 	// of files in a layer.
 	DiffGetter(id string) (FileGetCloser, error)
 }
 
 // FileGetCloser extends the storage.FileGetter interface with a Close method
 // for cleaning up.
 type FileGetCloser interface {
 	storage.FileGetter
 	// Close cleans up any resources associated with the FileGetCloser.
 	Close() error
 }
 
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 // Checker makes checks on specified filesystems.
 type Checker interface {
 	// IsMounted returns true if the provided path is mounted for the specific checker
 	IsMounted(path string) bool
 }
 
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 func init() {
 	drivers = make(map[string]InitFunc)
 }
 
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 // Register registers an InitFunc for the driver.
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 func Register(name string, initFunc InitFunc) error {
 	if _, exists := drivers[name]; exists {
 		return fmt.Errorf("Name already registered %s", name)
 	}
 	drivers[name] = initFunc
 
 	return nil
 }
 
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 // GetDriver initializes and returns the registered driver
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 func GetDriver(name string, pg plugingetter.PluginGetter, config Options) (Driver, error) {
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 	if initFunc, exists := drivers[name]; exists {
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 		return initFunc(filepath.Join(config.Root, name), config.DriverOptions, config.UIDMaps, config.GIDMaps)
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 	}
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 	pluginDriver, err := lookupPlugin(name, pg, config)
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 	if err == nil {
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 		return pluginDriver, nil
 	}
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 	logrus.WithError(err).WithField("driver", name).WithField("home-dir", config.Root).Error("Failed to GetDriver graph")
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 	return nil, ErrNotSupported
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 }
 
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 // getBuiltinDriver initializes and returns the registered driver, but does not try to load from plugins
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 func getBuiltinDriver(name, home string, options []string, uidMaps, gidMaps []idtools.IDMap) (Driver, error) {
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 	if initFunc, exists := drivers[name]; exists {
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 		return initFunc(filepath.Join(home, name), options, uidMaps, gidMaps)
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 	}
 	logrus.Errorf("Failed to built-in GetDriver graph %s %s", name, home)
 	return nil, ErrNotSupported
 }
 
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 // Options is used to initialize a graphdriver
 type Options struct {
 	Root                string
 	DriverOptions       []string
 	UIDMaps             []idtools.IDMap
 	GIDMaps             []idtools.IDMap
 	ExperimentalEnabled bool
 }
 
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 // New creates the driver and initializes it at the specified root.
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 func New(name string, pg plugingetter.PluginGetter, config Options) (Driver, error) {
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 	if name != "" {
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 		logrus.Debugf("[graphdriver] trying provided driver: %s", name) // so the logs show specified driver
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 		return GetDriver(name, pg, config)
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 	}
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 	// Guess for prior driver
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 	driversMap := scanPriorDrivers(config.Root)
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 	for _, name := range priority {
 		if name == "vfs" {
 			// don't use vfs even if there is state present.
 			continue
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 		}
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 		if _, prior := driversMap[name]; prior {
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 			// of the state found from prior drivers, check in order of our priority
 			// which we would prefer
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 			driver, err := getBuiltinDriver(name, config.Root, config.DriverOptions, config.UIDMaps, config.GIDMaps)
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 			if err != nil {
 				// unlike below, we will return error here, because there is prior
 				// state, and now it is no longer supported/prereq/compatible, so
 				// something changed and needs attention. Otherwise the daemon's
 				// images would just "disappear".
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 				logrus.Errorf("[graphdriver] prior storage driver %s failed: %s", name, err)
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 				return nil, err
 			}
 
 			// abort starting when there are other prior configured drivers
 			// to ensure the user explicitly selects the driver to load
 			if len(driversMap)-1 > 0 {
 				var driversSlice []string
 				for name := range driversMap {
 					driversSlice = append(driversSlice, name)
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 				}
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 				return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s contains several valid graphdrivers: %s; Please cleanup or explicitly choose storage driver (-s <DRIVER>)", config.Root, strings.Join(driversSlice, ", "))
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 			}
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 			logrus.Infof("[graphdriver] using prior storage driver: %s", name)
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 			return driver, nil
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 		}
 	}
 
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 	// Check for priority drivers first
 	for _, name := range priority {
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 		driver, err := getBuiltinDriver(name, config.Root, config.DriverOptions, config.UIDMaps, config.GIDMaps)
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 		if err != nil {
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 			if isDriverNotSupported(err) {
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 				continue
 			}
 			return nil, err
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 		}
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 		return driver, nil
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 	}
 
 	// Check all registered drivers if no priority driver is found
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 	for name, initFunc := range drivers {
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 		driver, err := initFunc(filepath.Join(config.Root, name), config.DriverOptions, config.UIDMaps, config.GIDMaps)
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 		if err != nil {
 			if isDriverNotSupported(err) {
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 				continue
 			}
 			return nil, err
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 		}
 		return driver, nil
 	}
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 	return nil, fmt.Errorf("No supported storage backend found")
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 }
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 // isDriverNotSupported returns true if the error initializing
 // the graph driver is a non-supported error.
 func isDriverNotSupported(err error) bool {
 	return err == ErrNotSupported || err == ErrPrerequisites || err == ErrIncompatibleFS
 }
 
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 // scanPriorDrivers returns an un-ordered scan of directories of prior storage drivers
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 func scanPriorDrivers(root string) map[string]bool {
 	driversMap := make(map[string]bool)
 
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 	for driver := range drivers {
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 		p := filepath.Join(root, driver)
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 		if _, err := os.Stat(p); err == nil && driver != "vfs" {
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 			driversMap[driver] = true
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 		}
 	}
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 	return driversMap
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 }