\input texinfo @c -*- texinfo -*-
 

 @settitle ffmpeg Documentation

 @titlepage

 @center @titlefont{ffmpeg Documentation}

 @end titlepage
 

 @top
 
 @contents
 

 @chapter Synopsis
 
 The generic syntax is:
 
 @example
 @c man begin SYNOPSIS

 ffmpeg [global options] [[infile options][@option{-i} @var{infile}]]... @{[outfile options] @var{outfile}@}...

 @c man end
 @end example
 

 @chapter Description
 @c man begin DESCRIPTION

 ffmpeg is a very fast video and audio converter that can also grab from
 a live audio/video source. It can also convert between arbitrary sample
 rates and resize video on the fly with a high quality polyphase filter.

 ffmpeg reads from an arbitrary number of input "files" (which can be regular
 files, pipes, network streams, grabbing devices, etc.), specified by the
 @code{-i} option, and writes to an arbitrary number of output "files", which are
 specified by a plain output filename. Anything found on the commandline which
 cannot be interpreted as an option is considered to be an output filename.
 
 Each input or output file can in principle contain any number of streams of
 different types (video/audio/subtitle/attachment/data). Allowed number and/or
 types of streams can be limited by the container format. Selecting, which
 streams from which inputs go into output, is done either automatically or with
 the @code{-map} option (see the Stream selection chapter).
 
 To refer to input files in options, you must use their indices (0-based). E.g.
 the first input file is @code{0}, the second is @code{1} etc. Similarly, streams
 within a file are referred to by their indices. E.g. @code{2:3} refers to the
 fourth stream in the third input file. See also the Stream specifiers chapter.
 

 As a general rule, options are applied to the next specified
 file. Therefore, order is important, and you can have the same
 option on the command line multiple times. Each occurrence is
 then applied to the next input or output file.

 Exceptions from this rule are the global options (e.g. verbosity level),
 which should be specified first.

 Do not mix input and output files -- first specify all input files, then all
 output files. Also do not mix options which belong to different files. All
 options apply ONLY to the next input or output file and are reset between files.
 

 @itemize
 @item
 To set the video bitrate of the output file to 64kbit/s:

 @example

 ffmpeg -i input.avi -b:v 64k output.avi

 @end example
 

 @item
 To force the frame rate of the output file to 24 fps:

 @example
 ffmpeg -i input.avi -r 24 output.avi
 @end example
 

 @item
 To force the frame rate of the input file (valid for raw formats only)

 to 1 fps and the frame rate of the output file to 24 fps:
 @example
 ffmpeg -r 1 -i input.m2v -r 24 output.avi
 @end example

 @end itemize

 
 The format option may be needed for raw input files.
 
 @c man end DESCRIPTION
 

 @chapter Stream selection
 @c man begin STREAM SELECTION
 

 By default ffmpeg includes only one stream of each type (video, audio, subtitle)
 present in the input files and adds them to each output file.  It picks the
 "best" of each based upon the following criteria; for video it is the stream
 with the highest resolution, for audio the stream with the most channels, for
 subtitle it's the first subtitle stream. In the case where several streams of
 the same type rate equally, the lowest numbered stream is chosen.

 
 You can disable some of those defaults by using @code{-vn/-an/-sn} options. For
 full manual control, use the @code{-map} option, which disables the defaults just
 described.
 
 @c man end STREAM SELECTION
 

 @chapter Options

 @c man begin OPTIONS

 @include avtools-common-opts.texi

 @section Main options
 

 @table @option

 @item -f @var{fmt} (@emph{input/output})

 Force input or output file format. The format is normally auto detected for input

 files and guessed from file extension for output files, so this option is not
 needed in most cases.

 @item -i @var{filename} (@emph{input})

 input file name

 @item -y (@emph{global})

 Overwrite output files without asking.

 @item -n (@emph{global})
 Do not overwrite output files but exit if file exists.
 

 @item -c[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{codec} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
 @itemx -codec[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{codec} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
 Select an encoder (when used before an output file) or a decoder (when used
 before an input file) for one or more streams. @var{codec} is the name of a
 decoder/encoder or a special value @code{copy} (output only) to indicate that

 the stream is not to be re-encoded.

 
 For example
 @example
 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0 -c:v libx264 -c:a copy OUTPUT
 @end example
 encodes all video streams with libx264 and copies all audio streams.
 
 For each stream, the last matching @code{c} option is applied, so
 @example
 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0 -c copy -c:v:1 libx264 -c:a:137 libvorbis OUTPUT
 @end example
 will copy all the streams except the second video, which will be encoded with
 libx264, and the 138th audio, which will be encoded with libvorbis.
 
 @item -t @var{duration} (@emph{output})

 Stop writing the output after its duration reaches @var{duration}.
 @var{duration} may be a number in seconds, or in @code{hh:mm:ss[.xxx]} form.

 @item -fs @var{limit_size} (@emph{output})

 Set the file size limit.
 

 @item -ss @var{position} (@emph{input/output})
 When used as an input option (before @code{-i}), seeks in this input file to
 @var{position}. When used as an output option (before an output filename),
 decodes but discards input until the timestamps reach @var{position}. This is
 slower, but more accurate.

 @var{position} may be either in seconds or in @code{hh:mm:ss[.xxx]} form.
 
 @item -itsoffset @var{offset} (@emph{input})

 Set the input time offset in seconds.
 @code{[-]hh:mm:ss[.xxx]} syntax is also supported.
 The offset is added to the timestamps of the input files.
 Specifying a positive offset means that the corresponding

 streams are delayed by @var{offset} seconds.

 @item -timestamp @var{time} (@emph{output})

 Set the recording timestamp in the container.
 The syntax for @var{time} is:
 @example
 now|([(YYYY-MM-DD|YYYYMMDD)[T|t| ]]((HH[:MM[:SS[.m...]]])|(HH[MM[SS[.m...]]]))[Z|z])
 @end example
 If the value is "now" it takes the current time.
 Time is local time unless 'Z' or 'z' is appended, in which case it is
 interpreted as UTC.
 If the year-month-day part is not specified it takes the current
 year-month-day.

 @item -metadata[:metadata_specifier] @var{key}=@var{value} (@emph{output,per-metadata})

 Set a metadata key/value pair.

 An optional @var{metadata_specifier} may be given to set metadata
 on streams or chapters. See @code{-map_metadata} documentation for
 details.
 
 This option overrides metadata set with @code{-map_metadata}. It is
 also possible to delete metadata by using an empty value.
 

 For example, for setting the title in the output file:

 @example

 ffmpeg -i in.avi -metadata title="my title" out.flv

 @end example

 To set the language of the second stream:
 @example
 ffmpeg -i INPUT -metadata:s:1 language=eng OUTPUT
 @end example
 
 @item -target @var{type} (@emph{output})

 Specify target file type (@code{vcd}, @code{svcd}, @code{dvd}, @code{dv},
 @code{dv50}). @var{type} may be prefixed with @code{pal-}, @code{ntsc-} or
 @code{film-} to use the corresponding standard. All the format options
 (bitrate, codecs, buffer sizes) are then set automatically. You can just type:

 
 @example
 ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -target vcd /tmp/vcd.mpg
 @end example
 

 Nevertheless you can specify additional options as long as you know
 they do not conflict with the standard, as in:

 
 @example
 ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -target vcd -bf 2 /tmp/vcd.mpg
 @end example
 

 @item -dframes @var{number} (@emph{output})
 Set the number of data frames to record. This is an alias for @code{-frames:d}.

 @item -frames[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{framecount} (@emph{output,per-stream})
 Stop writing to the stream after @var{framecount} frames.

 @item -q[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{q} (@emph{output,per-stream})
 @itemx -qscale[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{q} (@emph{output,per-stream})
 Use fixed quality scale (VBR). The meaning of @var{q} is
 codec-dependent.

 @item -filter[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{filter_graph} (@emph{output,per-stream})

 @var{filter_graph} is a description of the filter graph to apply to
 the stream. Use @code{-filters} to show all the available filters
 (including also sources and sinks).

 @item -pre[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{preset_name} (@emph{output,per-stream})
 Specify the preset for matching stream(s).
 
 @item -stats (@emph{global})
 Print encoding progress/statistics. On by default.
 
 @item -attach @var{filename} (@emph{output})
 Add an attachment to the output file. This is supported by a few formats
 like Matroska for e.g. fonts used in rendering subtitles. Attachments
 are implemented as a specific type of stream, so this option will add
 a new stream to the file. It is then possible to use per-stream options
 on this stream in the usual way. Attachment streams created with this
 option will be created after all the other streams (i.e. those created
 with @code{-map} or automatic mappings).
 
 Note that for Matroska you also have to set the mimetype metadata tag:
 @example
 ffmpeg -i INPUT -attach DejaVuSans.ttf -metadata:s:2 mimetype=application/x-truetype-font out.mkv
 @end example
 (assuming that the attachment stream will be third in the output file).
 
 @item -dump_attachment[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{filename} (@emph{input,per-stream})
 Extract the matching attachment stream into a file named @var{filename}. If
 @var{filename} is empty, then the value of the @code{filename} metadata tag
 will be used.
 
 E.g. to extract the first attachment to a file named 'out.ttf':
 @example
 ffmpeg -dump_attachment:t:0 out.ttf INPUT
 @end example
 To extract all attachments to files determined by the @code{filename} tag:
 @example
 ffmpeg -dump_attachment:t "" INPUT
 @end example
 
 Technical note -- attachments are implemented as codec extradata, so this
 option can actually be used to extract extradata from any stream, not just
 attachments.

 @end table
 
 @section Video Options
 

 @table @option

 @item -vframes @var{number} (@emph{output})
 Set the number of video frames to record. This is an alias for @code{-frames:v}.
 @item -r[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{fps} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})

 Set frame rate (Hz value, fraction or abbreviation), (default = 25).

 @item -s[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{size} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})

 Set frame size. The format is @samp{wxh} (default - same as source).

 The following abbreviations are recognized:

 @table @samp

 @item sqcif
 128x96
 @item qcif
 176x144
 @item cif
 352x288
 @item 4cif
 704x576

 @item 16cif
 1408x1152

 @item qqvga
 160x120
 @item qvga
 320x240
 @item vga
 640x480
 @item svga
 800x600
 @item xga
 1024x768
 @item uxga
 1600x1200
 @item qxga
 2048x1536
 @item sxga
 1280x1024
 @item qsxga
 2560x2048
 @item hsxga
 5120x4096
 @item wvga
 852x480
 @item wxga
 1366x768
 @item wsxga
 1600x1024
 @item wuxga
 1920x1200
 @item woxga
 2560x1600
 @item wqsxga
 3200x2048
 @item wquxga
 3840x2400
 @item whsxga
 6400x4096
 @item whuxga
 7680x4800
 @item cga
 320x200
 @item ega
 640x350
 @item hd480
 852x480
 @item hd720
 1280x720
 @item hd1080
 1920x1080

 @end table
 

 @item -aspect[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{aspect} (@emph{output,per-stream})

 Set the video display aspect ratio specified by @var{aspect}.
 
 @var{aspect} can be a floating point number string, or a string of the
 form @var{num}:@var{den}, where @var{num} and @var{den} are the
 numerator and denominator of the aspect ratio. For example "4:3",
 "16:9", "1.3333", and "1.7777" are valid argument values.
 

 @item -croptop @var{size}
 @item -cropbottom @var{size}
 @item -cropleft @var{size}
 @item -cropright @var{size}
 All the crop options have been removed. Use -vf
 crop=width:height:x:y instead.
 

 @item -padtop @var{size}
 @item -padbottom @var{size}
 @item -padleft @var{size}
 @item -padright @var{size}
 @item -padcolor @var{hex_color}

 All the pad options have been removed. Use -vf
 pad=width:height:x:y:color instead.

 
 @item -vn (@emph{output})

 Disable video recording.

 @item -bt @var{tolerance}

 Set video bitrate tolerance (in bits, default 4000k).
 Has a minimum value of: (target_bitrate/target_framerate).
 In 1-pass mode, bitrate tolerance specifies how far ratecontrol is
 willing to deviate from the target average bitrate value. This is
 not related to min/max bitrate. Lowering tolerance too much has
 an adverse effect on quality.

 @item -maxrate @var{bitrate}

 Set max video bitrate (in bit/s).

 Requires -bufsize to be set.

 @item -minrate @var{bitrate}

 Set min video bitrate (in bit/s).

 Most useful in setting up a CBR encode:
 @example

 ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -b:v 4000k -minrate 4000k -maxrate 4000k -bufsize 1835k out.m2v

 @end example
 It is of little use elsewise.

 @item -bufsize @var{size}

 Set video buffer verifier buffer size (in bits).

 @item -vcodec @var{codec} (@emph{output})
 Set the video codec. This is an alias for @code{-codec:v}.
 @item -same_quant

 Use same quantizer as source (implies VBR).

 Note that this is NOT SAME QUALITY. Do not use this option unless you know you
 need it.
 

 @item -pass @var{n}

 Select the pass number (1 or 2). It is used to do two-pass
 video encoding. The statistics of the video are recorded in the first
 pass into a log file (see also the option -passlogfile),
 and in the second pass that log file is used to generate the video
 at the exact requested bitrate.

 On pass 1, you may just deactivate audio and set output to null,
 examples for Windows and Unix:
 @example

 ffmpeg -i foo.mov -c:v libxvid -pass 1 -an -f rawvideo -y NUL
 ffmpeg -i foo.mov -c:v libxvid -pass 1 -an -f rawvideo -y /dev/null

 @end example

 @item -passlogfile @var{prefix} (@emph{global})

 Set two-pass log file name prefix to @var{prefix}, the default file name
 prefix is ``ffmpeg2pass''. The complete file name will be
 @file{PREFIX-N.log}, where N is a number specific to the output

 stream

 @item -vlang @var{code}
 Set the ISO 639 language code (3 letters) of the current video stream.
 

 @item -vf @var{filter_graph} (@emph{output})

 @var{filter_graph} is a description of the filter graph to apply to
 the input video.
 Use the option "-filters" to show all the available filters (including

 also sources and sinks).  This is an alias for @code{-filter:v}.

 @end table
 

 @section Advanced Video Options

 @table @option

 @item -pix_fmt[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{format} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})
 Set pixel format. Use @code{-pix_fmts} to show all the supported

 pixel formats.

 @item -sws_flags @var{flags} (@emph{input/output})

 Set SwScaler flags.

 @item -g @var{gop_size}

 Set the group of pictures size.

 @item -intra

 deprecated, use -g 1

 @item -vdt @var{n}

 Discard threshold.

 @item -qmin @var{q}

 minimum video quantizer scale (VBR)

 @item -qmax @var{q}

 maximum video quantizer scale (VBR)

 @item -qdiff @var{q}

 maximum difference between the quantizer scales (VBR)

 @item -qblur @var{blur}

 video quantizer scale blur (VBR) (range 0.0 - 1.0)

 @item -qcomp @var{compression}

 video quantizer scale compression (VBR) (default 0.5).
 Constant of ratecontrol equation. Recommended range for default rc_eq: 0.0-1.0

 @item -lmin @var{lambda}

 minimum video lagrange factor (VBR)

 @item -lmax @var{lambda}

 max video lagrange factor (VBR)

 @item -mblmin @var{lambda}

 minimum macroblock quantizer scale (VBR)

 @item -mblmax @var{lambda}

 maximum macroblock quantizer scale (VBR)
 
 These four options (lmin, lmax, mblmin, mblmax) use 'lambda' units,
 but you may use the QP2LAMBDA constant to easily convert from 'q' units:
 @example
 ffmpeg -i src.ext -lmax 21*QP2LAMBDA dst.ext
 @end example
 

 @item -rc_init_cplx @var{complexity}

 initial complexity for single pass encoding

 @item -b_qfactor @var{factor}

 qp factor between P- and B-frames

 @item -i_qfactor @var{factor}

 qp factor between P- and I-frames

 @item -b_qoffset @var{offset}

 qp offset between P- and B-frames

 @item -i_qoffset @var{offset}

 qp offset between P- and I-frames

 @item -rc_eq @var{equation}

 Set rate control equation (see section "Expression Evaluation")
 (default = @code{tex^qComp}).
 
 When computing the rate control equation expression, besides the
 standard functions defined in the section "Expression Evaluation", the
 following functions are available:
 @table @var
 @item bits2qp(bits)
 @item qp2bits(qp)
 @end table
 
 and the following constants are available:
 @table @var
 @item iTex
 @item pTex
 @item tex
 @item mv
 @item fCode
 @item iCount
 @item mcVar
 @item var
 @item isI
 @item isP
 @item isB
 @item avgQP
 @item qComp
 @item avgIITex
 @item avgPITex
 @item avgPPTex
 @item avgBPTex
 @item avgTex
 @end table
 

 @item -rc_override[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{override} (@emph{output,per-stream})

 Rate control override for specific intervals, formatted as "int,int,int"

 list separated with slashes. Two first values are the beginning and
 end frame numbers, last one is quantizer to use if positive, or quality
 factor if negative.

 @item -me_method @var{method}

 Set motion estimation method to @var{method}.
 Available methods are (from lowest to best quality):

 @table @samp
 @item zero

 Try just the (0, 0) vector.

 @item phods
 @item log
 @item x1

 @item hex
 @item umh

 @item epzs
 (default method)
 @item full
 exhaustive search (slow and marginally better than epzs)
 @end table
 

 @item -dct_algo @var{algo}

 Set DCT algorithm to @var{algo}. Available values are:

 @table @samp
 @item 0
 FF_DCT_AUTO (default)
 @item 1
 FF_DCT_FASTINT
 @item 2
 FF_DCT_INT
 @item 3
 FF_DCT_MMX
 @item 4
 FF_DCT_MLIB
 @item 5
 FF_DCT_ALTIVEC
 @end table
 

 @item -idct_algo @var{algo}

 Set IDCT algorithm to @var{algo}. Available values are:

 @table @samp
 @item 0
 FF_IDCT_AUTO (default)
 @item 1

 FF_IDCT_INT

 @item 2

 FF_IDCT_SIMPLE

 @item 3

 FF_IDCT_SIMPLEMMX

 @item 4

 FF_IDCT_LIBMPEG2MMX

 @item 5

 FF_IDCT_PS2

 @item 6

 FF_IDCT_MLIB

 @item 7

 FF_IDCT_ARM

 @item 8

 FF_IDCT_ALTIVEC

 @item 9

 FF_IDCT_SH4

 @item 10

 FF_IDCT_SIMPLEARM

 @end table
 

 @item -er @var{n}

 Set error resilience to @var{n}.

 @table @samp

 @item 1

 FF_ER_CAREFUL (default)

 @item 2

 FF_ER_COMPLIANT

 @item 3
 FF_ER_AGGRESSIVE
 @item 4

 FF_ER_VERY_AGGRESSIVE

 @end table
 

 @item -ec @var{bit_mask}

 Set error concealment to @var{bit_mask}. @var{bit_mask} is a bit mask of

 the following values:

 @table @samp
 @item 1

 FF_EC_GUESS_MVS (default = enabled)

 @item 2

 FF_EC_DEBLOCK (default = enabled)

 @end table
 

 @item -bf @var{frames}

 Use 'frames' B-frames (supported for MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4).

 @item -mbd @var{mode}

 macroblock decision
 @table @samp
 @item 0

 FF_MB_DECISION_SIMPLE: Use mb_cmp (cannot change it yet in ffmpeg).

 @item 1

 FF_MB_DECISION_BITS: Choose the one which needs the fewest bits.

 @item 2

 FF_MB_DECISION_RD: rate distortion

 @end table
 
 @item -4mv

 Use four motion vector by macroblock (MPEG-4 only).

 @item -part

 Use data partitioning (MPEG-4 only).

 @item -bug @var{param}

 Work around encoder bugs that are not auto-detected.

 @item -strict @var{strictness}

 How strictly to follow the standards.

 @item -aic

 Enable Advanced intra coding (h263+).

 @item -umv

 Enable Unlimited Motion Vector (h263+)

 
 @item -deinterlace

 Deinterlace pictures.

 @item -ilme

 Force interlacing support in encoder (MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 only).
 Use this option if your input file is interlaced and you want
 to keep the interlaced format for minimum losses.
 The alternative is to deinterlace the input stream with
 @option{-deinterlace}, but deinterlacing introduces losses.

 @item -psnr

 Calculate PSNR of compressed frames.

 @item -vstats

 Dump video coding statistics to @file{vstats_HHMMSS.log}.

 @item -vstats_file @var{file}

 Dump video coding statistics to @var{file}.

 @item -top[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{n} (@emph{output,per-stream})

 top=1/bottom=0/auto=-1 field first

 @item -dc @var{precision}

 Intra_dc_precision.

 @item -vtag @var{fourcc/tag} (@emph{output})
 Force video tag/fourcc. This is an alias for @code{-tag:v}.
 @item -qphist (@emph{global})
 Show QP histogram

 @item -vbsf @var{bitstream_filter}

 Deprecated see -bsf
 @item -force_key_frames[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{time}[,@var{time}...] (@emph{output,per-stream})

 Force key frames at the specified timestamps, more precisely at the first
 frames after each specified time.
 This option can be useful to ensure that a seek point is present at a
 chapter mark or any other designated place in the output file.
 The timestamps must be specified in ascending order.

 
 @item -copyinkf[:@var{stream_specifier}] (@emph{output,per-stream})
 When doing stream copy, copy also non-key frames found at the
 beginning.

 @end table
 
 @section Audio Options
 
 @table @option

 @item -aframes @var{number} (@emph{output})
 Set the number of audio frames to record. This is an alias for @code{-frames:a}.
 @item -ar[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{freq} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})

 Set the audio sampling frequency. For output streams it is set by
 default to the frequency of the corresponding input stream. For input
 streams this option only makes sense for audio grabbing devices and raw
 demuxers and is mapped to the corresponding demuxer options.

 @item -aq @var{q} (@emph{output})
 Set the audio quality (codec-specific, VBR). This is an alias for -q:a.
 @item -ac[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{channels} (@emph{input/output,per-stream})

 Set the number of audio channels. For output streams it is set by
 default to the number of input audio channels. For input streams
 this option only makes sense for audio grabbing devices and raw demuxers
 and is mapped to the corresponding demuxer options.

 @item -an (@emph{output})

 Disable audio recording.

 @item -acodec @var{codec} (@emph{input/output})
 Set the audio codec. This is an alias for @code{-codec:a}.
 @item -sample_fmt[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{sample_fmt} (@emph{output,per-stream})

 Set the audio sample format. Use @code{-sample_fmts} to get a list

 of supported sample formats.

 @end table
 
 @section Advanced Audio options:
 
 @table @option

 @item -atag @var{fourcc/tag} (@emph{output})
 Force audio tag/fourcc. This is an alias for @code{-tag:a}.

 @item -audio_service_type @var{type}
 Set the type of service that the audio stream contains.
 @table @option
 @item ma
 Main Audio Service (default)
 @item ef
 Effects
 @item vi
 Visually Impaired
 @item hi
 Hearing Impaired
 @item di
 Dialogue
 @item co
 Commentary
 @item em
 Emergency
 @item vo
 Voice Over
 @item ka
 Karaoke
 @end table

 @item -absf @var{bitstream_filter}

 Deprecated, see -bsf

 @end table
 
 @section Subtitle options:
 
 @table @option

 @item -slang @var{code}

 Set the ISO 639 language code (3 letters) of the current subtitle stream.

 @item -scodec @var{codec} (@emph{input/output})
 Set the subtitle codec. This is an alias for @code{-codec:s}.
 @item -sn (@emph{output})

 Disable subtitle recording.

 @item -sbsf @var{bitstream_filter}

 Deprecated, see -bsf

 @end table
 
 @section Audio/Video grab options
 
 @table @option

 @item -isync (@emph{global})

 Synchronize read on input.

 @end table
 
 @section Advanced options
 
 @table @option

 @item -map [-]@var{input_file_id}[:@var{stream_specifier}][,@var{sync_file_id}[:@var{stream_specifier}]] (@emph{output})

 Designate one or more input streams as a source for the output file. Each input

 stream is identified by the input file index @var{input_file_id} and
 the input stream index @var{input_stream_id} within the input

 file. Both indices start at 0. If specified,
 @var{sync_file_id}:@var{stream_specifier} sets which input stream

 is used as a presentation sync reference.
 

 The first @code{-map} option on the command line specifies the

 source for output stream 0, the second @code{-map} option specifies
 the source for output stream 1, etc.
 

 A @code{-} character before the stream identifier creates a "negative" mapping.
 It disables matching streams from already created mappings.
 
 For example, to map ALL streams from the first input file to output
 @example
 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0 output
 @end example
 

 For example, if you have two audio streams in the first input file,

 these streams are identified by "0:0" and "0:1". You can use
 @code{-map} to select which streams to place in an output file. For

 example:
 @example

 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0:1 out.wav

 @end example

 will map the input stream in @file{INPUT} identified by "0:1" to

 the (single) output stream in @file{out.wav}.
 
 For example, to select the stream with index 2 from input file

 @file{a.mov} (specified by the identifier "0:2"), and stream with
 index 6 from input @file{b.mov} (specified by the identifier "1:6"),

 and copy them to the output file @file{out.mov}:
 @example

 ffmpeg -i a.mov -i b.mov -c copy -map 0:2 -map 1:6 out.mov

 @end example
 

 To select all video and the third audio stream from an input file:
 @example
 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0:v -map 0:a:2 OUTPUT
 @end example

 To map all the streams except the second audio, use negative mappings
 @example
 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0 -map -0:a:1 OUTPUT
 @end example

 Note that using this option disables the default mappings for this output file.
 

 @item -map_channel [@var{input_file_id}.@var{stream_specifier}.@var{channel_id}|-1][:@var{output_file_id}.@var{stream_specifier}]
 Map an audio channel from a given input to an output. If
 @var{output_file_id}.@var{stream_specifier} are not set, the audio channel will
 be mapped on all the audio streams.
 
 Using "-1" instead of
 @var{input_file_id}.@var{stream_specifier}.@var{channel_id} will map a muted
 channel.
 
 For example, assuming @var{INPUT} is a stereo audio file, you can switch the
 two audio channels with the following command:
 @example
 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map_channel 0.0.1 -map_channel 0.0.0 OUTPUT
 @end example
 
 If you want to mute the first channel and keep the second:
 @example
 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map_channel -1 -map_channel 0.0.1 OUTPUT
 @end example
 
 The order of the "-map_channel" option specifies the order of the channels in
 the output stream. The output channel layout is guessed from the number of
 channels mapped (mono if one "-map_channel", stereo if two, etc.). Using "-ac"
 in combination of "-map_channel" makes the channel gain levels to be updated if
 channel layouts don't match (for instance two "-map_channel" options and "-ac
 6").
 
 You can also extract each channel of an @var{INPUT} to specific outputs; the
 following command extract each channel of the audio stream (file 0, stream 0)
 to the respective @var{OUTPUT_CH0} and @var{OUTPUT_CH1}:
 @example
 ffmpeg -i INPUT -map_channel 0.0.0 OUTPUT_CH0 -map_channel 0.0.1 OUTPUT_CH1
 @end example
 

 The following example split the channels of a stereo input into streams:
 
 @example
 ffmpeg -i stereo.wav -map 0:0 -map 0:0 -map_channel 0.0.0:0.0 -map_channel 0.0.1:0.1 -y out.ogg
 @end example
 

 Note that "-map_channel" is currently limited to the scope of one input for
 each output; you can't for example use it to pick multiple input audio files
 and mix them into one single output.
 

 @item -map_metadata[:@var{metadata_type}][:@var{index}] @var{infile}[:@var{metadata_type}][:@var{index}] (@emph{output,per-metadata})
 Set metadata information of the next output file from @var{infile}. Note that
 those are file indices (zero-based), not filenames.
 Optional @var{metadata_type} parameters specify, which metadata to copy - (g)lobal

 (i.e. metadata that applies to the whole file), per-(s)tream, per-(c)hapter or
 per-(p)rogram. All metadata specifiers other than global must be followed by the

 stream/chapter/program index. If metadata specifier is omitted, it defaults to

 global.

 By default, global metadata is copied from the first input file,

 per-stream and per-chapter metadata is copied along with streams/chapters. These
 default mappings are disabled by creating any mapping of the relevant type. A negative
 file index can be used to create a dummy mapping that just disables automatic copying.
 

 For example to copy metadata from the first stream of the input file to global metadata
 of the output file:
 @example

 ffmpeg -i in.ogg -map_metadata 0:s:0 out.mp3

 @end example

 @item -map_chapters @var{input_file_index} (@emph{output})
 Copy chapters from input file with index @var{input_file_index} to the next
 output file. If no chapter mapping is specified, then chapters are copied from
 the first input file with at least one chapter. Use a negative file index to
 disable any chapter copying.

 @item -debug @var{category}

 Print specific debug info.

 @var{category} is a number or a string containing one of the following values:
 @table @samp
 @item bitstream
 @item buffers
 picture buffer allocations
 @item bugs
 @item dct_coeff
 @item er
 error recognition
 @item mb_type
 macroblock (MB) type
 @item mmco
 memory management control operations (H.264)
 @item mv
 motion vector
 @item pict
 picture info
 @item pts
 @item qp
 per-block quantization parameter (QP)
 @item rc
 rate control
 @item skip
 @item startcode
 @item thread_ops
 threading operations
 @item vis_mb_type
 visualize block types
 @item vis_qp
 visualize quantization parameter (QP), lower QP are tinted greener
 @end table

 @item -benchmark (@emph{global})

 Show benchmarking information at the end of an encode.
 Shows CPU time used and maximum memory consumption.
 Maximum memory consumption is not supported on all systems,
 it will usually display as 0 if not supported.

 @item -timelimit @var{duration} (@emph{global})
 Exit after ffmpeg has been running for @var{duration} seconds.

 @item -dump (@emph{global})

 Dump each input packet to stderr.

 @item -hex (@emph{global})

 When dumping packets, also dump the payload.

 @item -ps @var{size}

 Set RTP payload size in bytes.

 @item -re (@emph{input})

 Read input at native frame rate. Mainly used to simulate a grab device.

 @item -loop_input

 Loop over the input stream. Currently it works only for image
 streams. This option is used for automatic FFserver testing.

 This option is deprecated, use -loop 1.

 @item -loop_output @var{number_of_times}

 Repeatedly loop output for formats that support looping such as animated GIF

 (0 will loop the output infinitely).

 This option is deprecated, use -loop.

 @item -threads @var{count}

 Thread count.

 @item -vsync @var{parameter}

 Video sync method.

 
 @table @option
 @item 0
 Each frame is passed with its timestamp from the demuxer to the muxer.
 @item 1
 Frames will be duplicated and dropped to achieve exactly the requested
 constant framerate.
 @item 2
 Frames are passed through with their timestamp or dropped so as to
 prevent 2 frames from having the same timestamp.
 @item -1
 Chooses between 1 and 2 depending on muxer capabilities. This is the
 default method.
 @end table
 
 With -map you can select from which stream the timestamps should be
 taken. You can leave either video or audio unchanged and sync the
 remaining stream(s) to the unchanged one.
 

 @item -async @var{samples_per_second}

 Audio sync method. "Stretches/squeezes" the audio stream to match the timestamps,

 the parameter is the maximum samples per second by which the audio is changed.
 -async 1 is a special case where only the start of the audio stream is corrected
 without any later correction.

 @item -copyts
 Copy timestamps from input to output.

 @item -copytb
 Copy input stream time base from input to output when stream copying.

 @item -shortest
 Finish encoding when the shortest input stream ends.
 @item -dts_delta_threshold
 Timestamp discontinuity delta threshold.

 @item -muxdelay @var{seconds} (@emph{input})

 Set the maximum demux-decode delay.

 @item -muxpreload @var{seconds} (@emph{input})

 Set the initial demux-decode delay.

 @item -streamid @var{output-stream-index}:@var{new-value} (@emph{output})

 Assign a new stream-id value to an output stream. This option should be
 specified prior to the output filename to which it applies.
 For the situation where multiple output files exist, a streamid
 may be reassigned to a different value.

 
 For example, to set the stream 0 PID to 33 and the stream 1 PID to 36 for
 an output mpegts file:
 @example
 ffmpeg -i infile -streamid 0:33 -streamid 1:36 out.ts
 @end example

 
 @item -bsf[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{bitstream_filters} (@emph{output,per-stream})
 Set bitstream filters for matching streams. @var{bistream_filters} is
 a comma-separated list of bitstream filters. Use the @code{-bsfs} option
 to get the list of bitstream filters.
 @example
 ffmpeg -i h264.mp4 -c:v copy -vbsf h264_mp4toannexb -an out.h264
 @end example
 @example
 ffmpeg -i file.mov -an -vn -sbsf mov2textsub -c:s copy -f rawvideo sub.txt
 @end example
 

 @item -tag[:@var{stream_specifier}] @var{codec_tag} (@emph{per-stream})

 Force a tag/fourcc for matching streams.

 @end table

 @section Preset files
 A preset file contains a sequence of @var{option}=@var{value} pairs,
 one for each line, specifying a sequence of options which would be
 awkward to specify on the command line. Lines starting with the hash
 ('#') character are ignored and are used to provide comments. Check

 the @file{presets} directory in the FFmpeg source tree for examples.

 Preset files are specified with the @code{vpre}, @code{apre},
 @code{spre}, and @code{fpre} options. The @code{fpre} option takes the
 filename of the preset instead of a preset name as input and can be
 used for any kind of codec. For the @code{vpre}, @code{apre}, and
 @code{spre} options, the options specified in a preset file are

 applied to the currently selected codec of the same type as the preset
 option.

 The argument passed to the @code{vpre}, @code{apre}, and @code{spre}
 preset options identifies the preset file to use according to the
 following rules:

 
 First ffmpeg searches for a file named @var{arg}.ffpreset in the

 directories @file{$FFMPEG_DATADIR} (if set), and @file{$HOME/.ffmpeg}, and in
 the datadir defined at configuration time (usually @file{PREFIX/share/ffmpeg})

 or in a @file{ffpresets} folder along the executable on win32,

 in that order. For example, if the argument is @code{libx264-max}, it will

 search for the file @file{libx264-max.ffpreset}.

 
 If no such file is found, then ffmpeg will search for a file named
 @var{codec_name}-@var{arg}.ffpreset in the above-mentioned
 directories, where @var{codec_name} is the name of the codec to which
 the preset file options will be applied. For example, if you select
 the video codec with @code{-vcodec libx264} and use @code{-vpre max},
 then it will search for the file @file{libx264-max.ffpreset}.

 @c man end OPTIONS

 @chapter Tips

 @c man begin TIPS

 
 @itemize

 @item
 For streaming at very low bitrate application, use a low frame rate

 and a small GOP size. This is especially true for RealVideo where

 the Linux player does not seem to be very fast, so it can miss
 frames. An example is:

 
 @example

 ffmpeg -g 3 -r 3 -t 10 -b:v 50k -s qcif -f rv10 /tmp/b.rm

 @end example
 

 @item
 The parameter 'q' which is displayed while encoding is the current

 quantizer. The value 1 indicates that a very good quality could
 be achieved. The value 31 indicates the worst quality. If q=31 appears

 too often, it means that the encoder cannot compress enough to meet

 your bitrate. You must either increase the bitrate, decrease the

 frame rate or decrease the frame size.

 @item
 If your computer is not fast enough, you can speed up the

 compression at the expense of the compression ratio. You can use
 '-me zero' to speed up motion estimation, and '-intra' to disable

 motion estimation completely (you have only I-frames, which means it

 is about as good as JPEG compression).

 @item
 To have very low audio bitrates, reduce the sampling frequency

 (down to 22050 Hz for MPEG audio, 22050 or 11025 for AC-3).

 @item
 To have a constant quality (but a variable bitrate), use the option

 '-qscale n' when 'n' is between 1 (excellent quality) and 31 (worst
 quality).

 
 @end itemize

 @c man end TIPS

 @chapter Examples
 @c man begin EXAMPLES
 

 @section Preset files
 
 A preset file contains a sequence of @var{option=value} pairs, one for
 each line, specifying a sequence of options which can be specified also on
 the command line. Lines starting with the hash ('#') character are ignored and
 are used to provide comments. Empty lines are also ignored. Check the
 @file{presets} directory in the FFmpeg source tree for examples.
 
 Preset files are specified with the @code{pre} option, this option takes a
 preset name as input.  FFmpeg searches for a file named @var{preset_name}.avpreset in
 the directories @file{$AVCONV_DATADIR} (if set), and @file{$HOME/.ffmpeg}, and in
 the data directory defined at configuration time (usually @file{$PREFIX/share/ffmpeg})
 in that order.  For example, if the argument is @code{libx264-max}, it will
 search for the file @file{libx264-max.avpreset}.
 

 @section Video and Audio grabbing
 

 If you specify the input format and device then ffmpeg can grab video
 and audio directly.

 
 @example
 ffmpeg -f oss -i /dev/dsp -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video0 /tmp/out.mpg

 @end example
 
 Or with an ALSA audio source (mono input, card id 1) instead of OSS:
 @example
 ffmpeg -f alsa -ac 1 -i hw:1 -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video0 /tmp/out.mpg

 @end example
 
 Note that you must activate the right video source and channel before

 launching ffmpeg with any TV viewer such as
 @uref{http://linux.bytesex.org/xawtv/, xawtv} by Gerd Knorr. You also

 have to set the audio recording levels correctly with a
 standard mixer.
 
 @section X11 grabbing
 

 Grab the X11 display with ffmpeg via

 
 @example

 ffmpeg -f x11grab -s cif -r 25 -i :0.0 /tmp/out.mpg

 @end example
 
 0.0 is display.screen number of your X11 server, same as
 the DISPLAY environment variable.
 
 @example

 ffmpeg -f x11grab -s cif -r 25 -i :0.0+10,20 /tmp/out.mpg

 @end example
 

 0.0 is display.screen number of your X11 server, same as the DISPLAY environment
 variable. 10 is the x-offset and 20 the y-offset for the grabbing.

 
 @section Video and Audio file format conversion
 

 Any supported file format and protocol can serve as input to ffmpeg:

 
 Examples:

 @itemize
 @item
 You can use YUV files as input:

 
 @example
 ffmpeg -i /tmp/test%d.Y /tmp/out.mpg
 @end example
 
 It will use the files:
 @example
 /tmp/test0.Y, /tmp/test0.U, /tmp/test0.V,
 /tmp/test1.Y, /tmp/test1.U, /tmp/test1.V, etc...
 @end example
 
 The Y files use twice the resolution of the U and V files. They are
 raw files, without header. They can be generated by all decent video
 decoders. You must specify the size of the image with the @option{-s} option

 if ffmpeg cannot guess it.

 @item
 You can input from a raw YUV420P file:

 
 @example
 ffmpeg -i /tmp/test.yuv /tmp/out.avi
 @end example
 
 test.yuv is a file containing raw YUV planar data. Each frame is composed
 of the Y plane followed by the U and V planes at half vertical and
 horizontal resolution.
 

 @item
 You can output to a raw YUV420P file:

 
 @example
 ffmpeg -i mydivx.avi hugefile.yuv
 @end example
 

 @item
 You can set several input files and output files:

 
 @example
 ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -s 640x480 -i /tmp/a.yuv /tmp/a.mpg
 @end example
 
 Converts the audio file a.wav and the raw YUV video file a.yuv
 to MPEG file a.mpg.
 

 @item
 You can also do audio and video conversions at the same time:

 
 @example
 ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -ar 22050 /tmp/a.mp2
 @end example
 
 Converts a.wav to MPEG audio at 22050 Hz sample rate.
 

 @item
 You can encode to several formats at the same time and define a

 mapping from input stream to output streams:
 
 @example

 ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -map 0:a -b:a 64k /tmp/a.mp2 -map 0:a -b:a 128k /tmp/b.mp2

 @end example
 
 Converts a.wav to a.mp2 at 64 kbits and to b.mp2 at 128 kbits. '-map
 file:index' specifies which input stream is used for each output
 stream, in the order of the definition of output streams.
 

 @item
 You can transcode decrypted VOBs:

 
 @example

 ffmpeg -i snatch_1.vob -f avi -c:v mpeg4 -b:v 800k -g 300 -bf 2 -c:a libmp3lame -b:a 128k snatch.avi

 @end example
 
 This is a typical DVD ripping example; the input is a VOB file, the
 output an AVI file with MPEG-4 video and MP3 audio. Note that in this
 command we use B-frames so the MPEG-4 stream is DivX5 compatible, and
 GOP size is 300 which means one intra frame every 10 seconds for 29.97fps
 input video. Furthermore, the audio stream is MP3-encoded so you need
 to enable LAME support by passing @code{--enable-libmp3lame} to configure.
 The mapping is particularly useful for DVD transcoding
 to get the desired audio language.
 
 NOTE: To see the supported input formats, use @code{ffmpeg -formats}.
 

 @item
 You can extract images from a video, or create a video from many images:

 
 For extracting images from a video:
 @example
 ffmpeg -i foo.avi -r 1 -s WxH -f image2 foo-%03d.jpeg
 @end example
 
 This will extract one video frame per second from the video and will
 output them in files named @file{foo-001.jpeg}, @file{foo-002.jpeg},
 etc. Images will be rescaled to fit the new WxH values.
 
 If you want to extract just a limited number of frames, you can use the
 above command in combination with the -vframes or -t option, or in
 combination with -ss to start extracting from a certain point in time.
 
 For creating a video from many images:
 @example
 ffmpeg -f image2 -i foo-%03d.jpeg -r 12 -s WxH foo.avi
 @end example
 
 The syntax @code{foo-%03d.jpeg} specifies to use a decimal number
 composed of three digits padded with zeroes to express the sequence
 number. It is the same syntax supported by the C printf function, but
 only formats accepting a normal integer are suitable.
 

 @item
 You can put many streams of the same type in the output:

 
 @example

 ffmpeg -i test1.avi -i test2.avi -map 0.3 -map 0.2 -map 0.1 -map 0.0 -c copy test12.nut

 @end example
 

 The resulting output file @file{test12.avi} will contain first four streams from
 the input file in reverse order.

 
 @end itemize

 @c man end EXAMPLES
 

 @include eval.texi

 @include decoders.texi

 @include encoders.texi

 @include demuxers.texi

 @include muxers.texi

 @include indevs.texi
 @include outdevs.texi

 @include protocols.texi

 @include bitstream_filters.texi

 @include filters.texi

 @include metadata.texi

 @ignore
 
 @setfilename ffmpeg

 @settitle ffmpeg video converter

 
 @c man begin SEEALSO

 ffplay(1), ffprobe(1), ffserver(1) and the FFmpeg HTML documentation

 @c man end
 

 @c man begin AUTHORS

 See git history

 @c man end
 
 @end ignore
 

 @bye