/*
* qt-faststart.c, v0.2
* by Mike Melanson (melanson@pcisys.net)
* This file is placed in the public domain. Use the program however you
* see fit.
*
* This utility rearranges a Quicktime file such that the moov atom
* is in front of the data, thus facilitating network streaming.
*
* To compile this program, start from the base directory from which you
* are building FFmpeg and type:
* make tools/qt-faststart
* The qt-faststart program will be built in the tools/ directory. If you
* do not build the program in this manner, correct results are not
* guaranteed, particularly on 64-bit platforms.
* Invoke the program with:
* qt-faststart <infile.mov> <outfile.mov>
*
* Notes: Quicktime files can come in many configurations of top-level
* atoms. This utility stipulates that the very last atom in the file needs
* to be a moov atom. When given such a file, this utility will rearrange
* the top-level atoms by shifting the moov atom from the back of the file
* to the front, and patch the chunk offsets along the way. This utility
* presently only operates on uncompressed moov atoms.
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <string.h>
#ifdef __MINGW32__
#define fseeko(x, y, z) fseeko64(x, y, z)
#define ftello(x) ftello64(x)
#elif defined(_WIN32)
#define fseeko(x, y, z) _fseeki64(x, y, z)
#define ftello(x) _ftelli64(x)
#endif
#define MIN(a,b) ((a) > (b) ? (b) : (a))
#define BE_16(x) ((((uint8_t*)(x))[0] << 8) | ((uint8_t*)(x))[1])
#define BE_32(x) (((uint32_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[0]) << 24) | \
(((uint8_t*)(x))[1] << 16) | \
(((uint8_t*)(x))[2] << 8) | \
((uint8_t*)(x))[3])
#define BE_64(x) (((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[0]) << 56) | \
((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[1]) << 48) | \
((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[2]) << 40) | \
((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[3]) << 32) | \
((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[4]) << 24) | \
((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[5]) << 16) | \
((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[6]) << 8) | \
((uint64_t)( (uint8_t*)(x))[7]))
#define BE_FOURCC(ch0, ch1, ch2, ch3) \
( (uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch3) | \
((uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch2) << 8) | \
((uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch1) << 16) | \
((uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch0) << 24) )
#define QT_ATOM BE_FOURCC
/* top level atoms */
#define FREE_ATOM QT_ATOM('f', 'r', 'e', 'e')
#define JUNK_ATOM QT_ATOM('j', 'u', 'n', 'k')
#define MDAT_ATOM QT_ATOM('m', 'd', 'a', 't')
#define MOOV_ATOM QT_ATOM('m', 'o', 'o', 'v')
#define PNOT_ATOM QT_ATOM('p', 'n', 'o', 't')
#define SKIP_ATOM QT_ATOM('s', 'k', 'i', 'p')
#define WIDE_ATOM QT_ATOM('w', 'i', 'd', 'e')
#define PICT_ATOM QT_ATOM('P', 'I', 'C', 'T')
#define FTYP_ATOM QT_ATOM('f', 't', 'y', 'p')
#define UUID_ATOM QT_ATOM('u', 'u', 'i', 'd')
#define CMOV_ATOM QT_ATOM('c', 'm', 'o', 'v')
#define STCO_ATOM QT_ATOM('s', 't', 'c', 'o')
#define CO64_ATOM QT_ATOM('c', 'o', '6', '4')
#define ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE 8
#define COPY_BUFFER_SIZE 33554432
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
FILE *infile = NULL;
FILE *outfile = NULL;
unsigned char atom_bytes[ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE];
uint32_t atom_type = 0;
uint64_t atom_size = 0;
uint64_t atom_offset = 0;
int64_t last_offset;
unsigned char *moov_atom = NULL;
unsigned char *ftyp_atom = NULL;
uint64_t moov_atom_size;
uint64_t ftyp_atom_size = 0;
uint64_t i, j;
uint32_t offset_count;
uint64_t current_offset;
int64_t start_offset = 0;
unsigned char *copy_buffer = NULL;
int bytes_to_copy;
if (argc != 3) {
printf("Usage: qt-faststart <infile.mov> <outfile.mov>\n"
"Note: alternatively you can use -movflags +faststart in ffmpeg\n");
return 0;
}
if (!strcmp(argv[1], argv[2])) {
fprintf(stderr, "input and output files need to be different\n");
return 1;
}
infile = fopen(argv[1], "rb");
if (!infile) {
perror(argv[1]);
goto error_out;
}
/* traverse through the atoms in the file to make sure that 'moov' is
* at the end */
while (!feof(infile)) {
if (fread(atom_bytes, ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, 1, infile) != 1) {
break;
}
atom_size = BE_32(&atom_bytes[0]);
atom_type = BE_32(&atom_bytes[4]);
/* keep ftyp atom */
if (atom_type == FTYP_ATOM) {
ftyp_atom_size = atom_size;
free(ftyp_atom);
ftyp_atom = malloc(ftyp_atom_size);
if (!ftyp_atom) {
printf("could not allocate %"PRIu64" bytes for ftyp atom\n",
atom_size);
goto error_out;
}
if (fseeko(infile, -ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, SEEK_CUR) ||
fread(ftyp_atom, atom_size, 1, infile) != 1 ||
(start_offset = ftello(infile)) < 0) {
perror(argv[1]);
goto error_out;
}
} else {
int ret;
/* 64-bit special case */
if (atom_size == 1) {
if (fread(atom_bytes, ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, 1, infile) != 1) {
break;
}
atom_size = BE_64(&atom_bytes[0]);
ret = fseeko(infile, atom_size - ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE * 2, SEEK_CUR);
} else {
ret = fseeko(infile, atom_size - ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, SEEK_CUR);
}
if (ret) {
perror(argv[1]);
goto error_out;
}
}
printf("%c%c%c%c %10"PRIu64" %"PRIu64"\n",
(atom_type >> 24) & 255,
(atom_type >> 16) & 255,
(atom_type >> 8) & 255,
(atom_type >> 0) & 255,
atom_offset,
atom_size);
if ((atom_type != FREE_ATOM) &&
(atom_type != JUNK_ATOM) &&
(atom_type != MDAT_ATOM) &&
(atom_type != MOOV_ATOM) &&
(atom_type != PNOT_ATOM) &&
(atom_type != SKIP_ATOM) &&
(atom_type != WIDE_ATOM) &&
(atom_type != PICT_ATOM) &&
(atom_type != UUID_ATOM) &&
(atom_type != FTYP_ATOM)) {
printf("encountered non-QT top-level atom (is this a QuickTime file?)\n");
break;
}
atom_offset += atom_size;
/* The atom header is 8 (or 16 bytes), if the atom size (which
* includes these 8 or 16 bytes) is less than that, we won't be
* able to continue scanning sensibly after this atom, so break. */
if (atom_size < 8)
break;
}
if (atom_type != MOOV_ATOM) {
printf("last atom in file was not a moov atom\n");
free(ftyp_atom);
fclose(infile);
return 0;
}
/* moov atom was, in fact, the last atom in the chunk; load the whole
* moov atom */
if (fseeko(infile, -atom_size, SEEK_END)) {
perror(argv[1]);
goto error_out;
}
last_offset = ftello(infile);
if (last_offset < 0) {
perror(argv[1]);
goto error_out;
}
moov_atom_size = atom_size;
moov_atom = malloc(moov_atom_size);
if (!moov_atom) {
printf("could not allocate %"PRIu64" bytes for moov atom\n", atom_size);
goto error_out;
}
if (fread(moov_atom, atom_size, 1, infile) != 1) {
perror(argv[1]);
goto error_out;
}
/* this utility does not support compressed atoms yet, so disqualify
* files with compressed QT atoms */
if (BE_32(&moov_atom[12]) == CMOV_ATOM) {
printf("this utility does not support compressed moov atoms yet\n");
goto error_out;
}
/* close; will be re-opened later */
fclose(infile);
infile = NULL;
/* crawl through the moov chunk in search of stco or co64 atoms */
for (i = 4; i < moov_atom_size - 4; i++) {
atom_type = BE_32(&moov_atom[i]);
if (atom_type == STCO_ATOM) {
printf(" patching stco atom...\n");
atom_size = BE_32(&moov_atom[i - 4]);
if (i + atom_size - 4 > moov_atom_size) {
printf(" bad atom size\n");
goto error_out;
}
offset_count = BE_32(&moov_atom[i + 8]);
if (i + 12 + offset_count * UINT64_C(4) > moov_atom_size) {
printf(" bad atom size/element count\n");
goto error_out;
}
for (j = 0; j < offset_count; j++) {
current_offset = BE_32(&moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4]);
current_offset += moov_atom_size;
moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 0] = (current_offset >> 24) & 0xFF;
moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 1] = (current_offset >> 16) & 0xFF;
moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 2] = (current_offset >> 8) & 0xFF;
moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 3] = (current_offset >> 0) & 0xFF;
}
i += atom_size - 4;
} else if (atom_type == CO64_ATOM) {
printf(" patching co64 atom...\n");
atom_size = BE_32(&moov_atom[i - 4]);
if (i + atom_size - 4 > moov_atom_size) {
printf(" bad atom size\n");
goto error_out;
}
offset_count = BE_32(&moov_atom[i + 8]);
if (i + 12 + offset_count * UINT64_C(8) > moov_atom_size) {
printf(" bad atom size/element count\n");
goto error_out;
}
for (j = 0; j < offset_count; j++) {
current_offset = BE_64(&moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8]);
current_offset += moov_atom_size;
moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 0] = (current_offset >> 56) & 0xFF;
moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 1] = (current_offset >> 48) & 0xFF;
moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 2] = (current_offset >> 40) & 0xFF;
moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 3] = (current_offset >> 32) & 0xFF;
moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 4] = (current_offset >> 24) & 0xFF;
moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 5] = (current_offset >> 16) & 0xFF;
moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 6] = (current_offset >> 8) & 0xFF;
moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 7] = (current_offset >> 0) & 0xFF;
}
i += atom_size - 4;
}
}
/* re-open the input file and open the output file */
infile = fopen(argv[1], "rb");
if (!infile) {
perror(argv[1]);
goto error_out;
}
if (start_offset > 0) { /* seek after ftyp atom */
if (fseeko(infile, start_offset, SEEK_SET)) {
perror(argv[1]);
goto error_out;
}
last_offset -= start_offset;
}
outfile = fopen(argv[2], "wb");
if (!outfile) {
perror(argv[2]);
goto error_out;
}
/* dump the same ftyp atom */
if (ftyp_atom_size > 0) {
printf(" writing ftyp atom...\n");
if (fwrite(ftyp_atom, ftyp_atom_size, 1, outfile) != 1) {
perror(argv[2]);
goto error_out;
}
}
/* dump the new moov atom */
printf(" writing moov atom...\n");
if (fwrite(moov_atom, moov_atom_size, 1, outfile) != 1) {
perror(argv[2]);
goto error_out;
}
/* copy the remainder of the infile, from offset 0 -> last_offset - 1 */
bytes_to_copy = MIN(COPY_BUFFER_SIZE, last_offset);
copy_buffer = malloc(bytes_to_copy);
if (!copy_buffer) {
printf("could not allocate %d bytes for copy_buffer\n", bytes_to_copy);
goto error_out;
}
printf(" copying rest of file...\n");
while (last_offset) {
bytes_to_copy = MIN(bytes_to_copy, last_offset);
if (fread(copy_buffer, bytes_to_copy, 1, infile) != 1) {
perror(argv[1]);
goto error_out;
}
if (fwrite(copy_buffer, bytes_to_copy, 1, outfile) != 1) {
perror(argv[2]);
goto error_out;
}
last_offset -= bytes_to_copy;
}
fclose(infile);
fclose(outfile);
free(moov_atom);
free(ftyp_atom);
free(copy_buffer);
return 0;
error_out:
if (infile)
fclose(infile);
if (outfile)
fclose(outfile);
free(moov_atom);
free(ftyp_atom);
free(copy_buffer);
return 1;
}